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Political Science NCERT Solutions Class 10 Geography Chapter 7 – Lifelines of National Economy
Class 10 Geography
Last Updated: 24 July 2026
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Tough Words (Glossary)
prerequisite
Meaning: something required before something else can happen
अर्थ: पूर्वापेक्षा / पूर्व शर्त
"Efficient transport is a prerequisite for fast development."
traverse
Meaning: to travel across or through
अर्थ: पार करना / आर-पार जाना
"These roads can traverse mountainous areas."
dissected
Meaning: cut into many parts; broken by valleys and hills
अर्थ: खंडित / टुकड़ों में बँटा
"Roads can traverse comparatively more dissected terrain."
undulating
Meaning: rising and falling in waves; wavy
अर्थ: लहरदार / तरंगित
"Roads negotiate undulating topography."
negotiate (a slope)
Meaning: to manage or deal successfully with a difficult path
अर्थ: ढलान पार करना / संभालना
"The bus slowly negotiated the steep slope."
feeder (road)
Meaning: a smaller road that connects to a main route
अर्थ: फीडर सड़क / सहायक मार्ग
"Rural roads act as feeder roads to highways."
impetus
Meaning: a driving force; encouragement
अर्थ: प्रेरणा / प्रोत्साहन
"The scheme gave impetus to rural connectivity."
corridor
Meaning: a long route or strip connecting places
अर्थ: गलियारा / मार्ग-पट्टी
"The North–South corridor links Srinagar to Kanniyakumari."
decongest
Meaning: to reduce crowding or congestion
अर्थ: भीड़भाड़ कम करना / अवरोध हटाना
"A new port was built to decongest Mumbai port."
hinterland
Meaning: the inland area served by a port
अर्थ: अंतर-क्षेत्र / अंतर्भूमि
"The port serves a rich hinterland of industries."
landlocked
Meaning: surrounded by land with no direct access to the sea
अर्थ: स्थल-आवेष्ठित
"Visakhapatnam is a deep landlocked and well‑protected port."
dredging
Meaning: removing mud from a river/port to keep it deep
अर्थ: खुदाई द्वारा गाद हटाना (ड्रेजिंग)
"The tidal port needs constant dredging."
lagoon
Meaning: a shallow body of water separated from the sea
अर्थ: लगून / खाड़ी जैसी झील
"Cochin is located at the entrance of a lagoon."
tidal (port)
Meaning: affected by the rise and fall of sea tides
अर्थ: ज्वारीय
"Kandla is a tidal port on the west coast."
prestigious
Meaning: inspiring respect and admiration; high status
अर्थ: प्रतिष्ठित
"Air travel is seen as a prestigious mode of transport."
seafaring
Meaning: traveling by sea; skilled at sailing
अर्थ: समुद्री यात्री / समुद्र-यात्रा संबंधी
"Ancient India was a seafaring nation."
navigation
Meaning: the process of planning and following a route
अर्थ: नौपरिवहन / मार्ग-पता लगाना
"Inland navigation is fuel‑efficient."
amenities
Meaning: useful features or facilities
अर्थ: सुविधाएँ
"Transport has added to urban amenities."
plurality
Meaning: a large number or variety
अर्थ: बहुलता / विविधता
"India has linguistic and socio‑cultural plurality."
complementary
Meaning: two things that complete or enhance each other
अर्थ: परस्पर पूरक
"Transport and communication are complementary."
integrate
Meaning: to combine to become a whole
अर्थ: एकीकृत करना / जोड़ना
"Roads integrate villages with towns."
accelerate
Meaning: to speed up
अर्थ: तेज़ करना / गति देना
"Railways accelerate industrial growth."
physiographic
Meaning: related to physical geography
अर्थ: भौ-आकृतिक / भौगोलिक-आकृति संबंधी
"Railway network depends on physiographic factors."
sparse
Meaning: thinly scattered; not dense
अर्थ: विरल / छितरा हुआ
"Rail lines are few in sparse population areas."
contiguous
Meaning: sharing a common border; touching
अर्थ: सन्निहित / सटा हुआ
"The contiguous Sahyadri range posed challenges."
gauge (rail)
Meaning: the distance between inner sides of two rails
अर्थ: गेज / पटरियों की चौड़ाई
"India runs multiple gauge operations."
trans‑shipment
Meaning: transfer of goods from one transport to another
अर्थ: माल-हस्तांतरण / ट्रांस‑शिपमेंट
"Pipelines reduce trans‑shipment losses."
slurry
Meaning: a semi-liquid mixture, often of water and solids
अर्थ: कीचड़ घोल / पल्प
"Solids can be moved as slurry in pipelines."
refinery
Meaning: a factory where a substance is made pure
अर्थ: रिफ़ाइनरी / शोधनागार
"Crude oil is processed in a refinery."
fuel‑efficient
Meaning: using less fuel to do the same work
अर्थ: ईंधन-कुशल
"Waterways are fuel‑efficient for heavy goods."
bulk (cargo)
Meaning: large size, mass, or volume
अर्थ: थोक / भारी मात्रा
"Ships carry bulk cargo cheaply."
landmark (project)
Meaning: an important or historic project
अर्थ: मील‑का‑पत्थर परियोजना
"The Golden Quadrilateral is a landmark project."
motorable
Meaning: suitable for vehicles to drive on
अर्थ: वाहन‑योग्य / गाड़ी चलाने योग्य
"Villages are linked by all‑weather motorable roads."
strategic
Meaning: important for planning and security
अर्थ: रणनीतिक
"Border roads have strategic importance."
altitude
Meaning: height above sea level
अर्थ: ऊँचाई / समुद्र‑तल से ऊँचाई
"The tunnel lies at an altitude of 3000 metres."
multifarious
Meaning: many and of various types
अर्थ: अनेक प्रकार का / बहुविध
"Railways enable multifarious activities like business and pilgrimage."
pilgrimage
Meaning: a journey to a holy place
अर्थ: तीर्थयात्रा
"Special trains run during pilgrimage seasons."
slopes (gradients)
Meaning: inclined surfaces; hillsides
अर्थ: ढलान
"Roads can negotiate higher gradients."
barometer (economic)
Meaning: a measure that shows a condition or trend
अर्थ: सूचक / मानदंड
"Trade is a barometer of economic prosperity."
favourable balance (of trade)
Meaning: when exports exceed imports
अर्थ: अनुकूल व्यापार संतुलन
"The country aimed for a favourable balance of trade."
commodity
Meaning: a product or item for sale
अर्थ: वस्तु / माल
"Petroleum is a key imported commodity."
infrastructure
Meaning: basic physical and organizational structures
अर्थ: आधारभूत संरचना
"Better infrastructure boosts tourism."
augmentation
Meaning: the action of making something greater
अर्थ: वृद्धि / संवर्धन
"The scheme funds heritage augmentation."
rejuvenation
Meaning: restoring to a better condition
अर्थ: पुनर्जीवन / नवीनीकरण
"Riverfront rejuvenation attracts tourists."
integration
Meaning: combining parts into a whole
अर्थ: एकीकरण / समाकलन
"Tourism promotes national integration."
pursuits
Meaning: activities that people engage in
अर्थ: रुचियाँ / गतिविधियाँ
"Tourism supports local cultural pursuits."
potential
Meaning: having or showing the capacity to develop
अर्थ: संभावना / क्षमता
"The region has great tourism potential."
sustainable
Meaning: able to be maintained without harming resources
अर्थ: सतत / टिकाऊ
"We must promote sustainable tourism."
dialect
Meaning: a regional form of a language
अर्थ: उपभाषा / बोली
"Newspapers are printed in many dialects."
periodical
Meaning: a magazine or journal published regularly
अर्थ: आवधिक पत्रिका / पत्र
"The library subscribes to science periodicals."
terrestrial (network)
Meaning: relating to land; earth‑based (not satellite)
अर्थ: स्थलीय
"Doordarshan has a large terrestrial network."
certification
Meaning: official approval after checking
अर्थ: प्रमाणीकरण / प्रमाणन
"Films need certification before release."
conceived
Meaning: formed an idea or plan; designed
अर्थ: परिकल्पित / सोचा गया
"UDAN was conceived to improve regional connectivity."