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Political Science NCERT Solutions Class 10 Geography Chapter 3 – Water Resources
Class 10 Geography
Last Updated: 31 May 2026
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हिंदी में (Hindi)
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Important Points
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Practice MCQ Questions (30 questions)
Q1. What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered with water?
✓ Correct Answer: C
Q2. What is the primary source of freshwater?
✓ Correct Answer: D
Q3. By what year is it predicted that nearly two billion people will live in absolute water scarcity?
✓ Correct Answer: B
Q4. What is the largest consumer of water globally?
✓ Correct Answer: C
Q5. What does Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) aim to provide?
✓ Correct Answer: D
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
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Tough Words (Glossary)
Scarcity
Meaning: The state of being in short supply
अर्थ: कमी
"Water scarcity is a global issue."
Renewable
Meaning: Capable of being used repeatedly without being exhausted
अर्थ: नवीकरणीय
"Water is a renewable resource."
Hydrological
Meaning: Relating to the movement and distribution of water
अर्थ: जलवैज्ञानिक
"The hydrological cycle maintains water balance."
Cycle
Meaning: A series of events repeated regularly
अर्थ: चक्र
"The water cycle replenishes groundwater."
Exploitation
Meaning: Unfair or overuse of resources
अर्थ: शोषण
"Over-exploitation of groundwater is dangerous."
Precipitation
Meaning: Rain, snow, sleet, or hail falling to the ground
अर्थ: वर्षा
"Precipitation replenishes rivers and lakes."
Depletion
Meaning: Reduction in quantity
अर्थ: क्षय
"Depletion of groundwater is alarming."
Agriculture
Meaning: The practice of farming
अर्थ: कृषि
"Agriculture consumes the largest share of water."
Irrigation
Meaning: Supplying water to crops by artificial means
अर्थ: सिंचाई
"Irrigation is vital for farming."
Tube-well
Meaning: A deep well from which water is drawn using a pump
अर्थ: नलकूप
"Farmers use tube-wells for irrigation."
Groundwater
Meaning: Water found under the earth’s surface
अर्थ: भूजल
"Excessive pumping lowers groundwater levels."
Urbanisation
Meaning: The growth of cities
अर्थ: शहरीकरण
"Urbanisation increases water demand."
Industrialisation
Meaning: Growth of industries
अर्थ: औद्योगीकरण
"Industrialisation puts pressure on water resources."
Potable
Meaning: Safe for drinking
अर्थ: पीने योग्य
"JJM aims to supply potable water to villages."
Hazardous
Meaning: Dangerous or risky
अर्थ: खतरनाक
"Hazardous chemicals pollute rivers."
Mismanagement
Meaning: Poor handling of resources
अर्थ: कुप्रबंधन
"Water scarcity is often due to mismanagement."
Ecosystem
Meaning: A biological community of organisms and their environment
अर्थ: पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र
"Dams affect river ecosystems."
Ecological
Meaning: Relating to environment and nature
अर्थ: पारिस्थितिक
"Ecological balance is disturbed by pollution."
Multipurpose
Meaning: Having several uses
अर्थ: बहुउद्देश्यीय
"Dams are multipurpose projects."
Reservoir
Meaning: A large lake used for water storage
अर्थ: जलाशय
"The dam created a huge reservoir."
Flood
Meaning: Overflow of water onto land
अर्थ: बाढ़
"Heavy rainfall caused floods in the city."
Navigation
Meaning: Travel or transport by water
अर्थ: नौवहन
"Rivers are used for inland navigation."
Sedimentation
Meaning: The process of settling down of particles
अर्थ: गाद जमाव
"Sedimentation reduces dam capacity."
Aquatic
Meaning: Relating to water
अर्थ: जलीय
"Dams affect aquatic life."
Spawning
Meaning: Producing eggs (fish)
अर्थ: अंडे देना
"Fish face difficulty in spawning due to dams."
Salinisation
Meaning: Increase of salt in soil
अर्थ: लवणीयता
"Over-irrigation causes salinisation of soil."
Earthquake
Meaning: Sudden shaking of the ground
अर्थ: भूकंप
"Big dams sometimes induce earthquakes."
Dispute
Meaning: A disagreement or conflict
अर्थ: विवाद
"Water disputes exist between states."
Harvesting
Meaning: Collecting and storing
अर्थ: संग्रहण
"Rainwater harvesting is effective in Rajasthan."
Archaeological
Meaning: Relating to study of ancient remains
अर्थ: पुरातात्विक
"Archaeological evidence shows ancient water systems."
Traditional
Meaning: Belonging to customs or old practices
अर्थ: पारंपरिक
"Traditional methods of irrigation are still used."
Artificial
Meaning: Made by humans, not natural
अर्थ: कृत्रिम
"Bhopal lake is an artificial water body."
Embarkment
Meaning: A wall built to prevent flooding
अर्थ: तटबंध
"The embankment stopped the floodwaters."
Obstruction
Meaning: Something that blocks the way
अर्थ: बाधा
"A dam is an obstruction in river flow."
Silt
Meaning: Fine sand or clay carried by rivers
अर्थ: गाद
"Rivers deposit silt on flood plains."
Fertiliser
Meaning: Substance used to make soil fertile
अर्थ: उर्वरक
"Excess fertiliser pollutes water."
Erosion
Meaning: Wearing away of land by water or wind
अर्थ: कटाव
"Floods cause soil erosion."
Recharge
Meaning: Replenish or refill
अर्थ: पुनर्भरण
"Rainwater harvesting recharges groundwater."
Underground
Meaning: Below the surface of earth
अर्थ: भूमिगत
"Underground tanks store rainwater."
Perennial
Meaning: Lasting throughout the year
अर्थ: बहुवर्षीय
"The canal carries perennial water."
Arid
Meaning: Extremely dry climate
अर्थ: शुष्क
"Arid regions face water scarcity."
Semi-arid
Meaning: Partly dry climate
अर्थ: अर्ध-शुष्क
"Rajasthan has semi-arid climate."
Indigenous
Meaning: Native or local
अर्थ: स्वदेशी
"Indigenous water systems are eco-friendly."
Decline
Meaning: Gradual decrease
अर्थ: गिरावट
"There is a decline in groundwater levels."
Viable
Meaning: Capable of working successfully
अर्थ: व्यवहार्य
"Rainwater harvesting is a viable solution."
Alternative
Meaning: Another option or choice
अर्थ: विकल्प
"Rainwater harvesting is an alternative to dams."
Regulation
Meaning: Rules made to control something
अर्थ: नियमन
"The government passed strict water regulations."
Conservation
Meaning: Preservation and careful management
अर्थ: संरक्षण
"Water conservation is everyone’s duty."
Management
Meaning: The process of dealing with resources
अर्थ: प्रबंधन
"Water management ensures sustainability."