English 
Hindi 
Mathematics 
Environment 
EVS 
Science 
Economics 
Geography 
History 
Political Science NCERT Solutions Class 9 Political Science Chapter 5 – Democratic Rights
Class 9 Political Science
Last Updated: 23 July 2026
Share on WhatsAppChapter Introduction
हिंदी में (Hindi)
Watch Video Lecture
Important Points
🕐 Coming Soon
Important points for this chapter will be added shortly. Check back soon!
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
🕐 Coming Soon
FAQs for this chapter will be added soon. Stay tuned!
Tough Words (Glossary)
Guantanamo
Meaning: A U.S.-controlled detention facility known for holding prisoners without trial
अर्थ: ग्वांतानामो—एक अमेरिकी नियंत्रित हिरासत केंद्र, जहाँ बिना मुकदमे के कैदियों को रखा गया
"Reports from Guantanamo raised concerns about human rights."
detention
Meaning: The act of keeping someone in official custody
अर्थ: नज़रबंदी/हिरासत
"Illegal detention violates the right to personal liberty."
interrogation
Meaning: Formal or intense questioning, often by authorities
अर्थ: पूछताछ
"The suspects complained of harsh interrogation methods."
arbitrary
Meaning: Done without fair reason or system; based on personal will
अर्थ: मनमाना
"Arbitrary arrests are not allowed in a democracy."
torture
Meaning: Severe physical or mental pain inflicted to punish or force
अर्थ: यातना
"International law bans torture under any circumstances."
humiliation
Meaning: The feeling of being ashamed and losing respect
अर्थ: अपमान/अपमानित होना
"Public humiliation can severely harm a person’s dignity."
minority
Meaning: A group that is smaller in number than the majority
अर्थ: अल्पसंख्यक
"Fundamental rights protect the interests of the minority."
monarchy
Meaning: A system of government with a king or queen as head
अर्थ: राजतंत्र
"Under a monarchy, rulers are usually not elected."
testimony
Meaning: A formal statement or evidence given in court
अर्थ: गवाही
"The witness gave a clear testimony before the judge."
ethnic
Meaning: Relating to a particular race, people, or culture
अर्थ: जातीय/समुदाय-सम्बंधी
"The news reported an ethnic conflict in the region."
massacre
Meaning: The violent killing of many people
अर्थ: नरसंहार
"The world condemned the ethnic massacre."
democracy
Meaning: A system where people elect their rulers
अर्थ: लोकतंत्र
"Democracy ensures that leaders remain accountable."
dignity
Meaning: The state of being worthy of honor and respect
अर्थ: गरिमा
"Equality laws protect human dignity."
enforce
Meaning: To make sure a law or rule is obeyed
अर्थ: लागू कराना/प्रवर्तन करना
"Courts enforce fundamental rights."
reasonable
Meaning: Fair and sensible; not extreme
अर्थ: उचित/वाजिब
"The government can place reasonable restrictions on speech."
violation
Meaning: An act of breaking a law or right
अर्थ: उल्लंघन
"Police must prevent the violation of citizens’ rights."
Fundamental Rights
Meaning: Basic rights guaranteed by the Constitution
अर्थ: मौलिक अधिकार
"Fundamental Rights ensure equality and liberty for all."
rule of law
Meaning: The principle that everyone is subject to the law
अर्थ: कानून का शासन
"Rule of law means no one is above the law."
discrimination
Meaning: Unfair treatment based on identity like caste or religion
अर्थ: भेदभाव
"The Constitution prohibits discrimination in public places."
untouchability
Meaning: A social practice that excludes certain castes
अर्थ: अस्पृश्यता
"Untouchability is a punishable offense in India."
equality of opportunity
Meaning: Fair chance for everyone to succeed
अर्थ: अवसर की समानता
"Reservation aims to promote equality of opportunity."
reservation (quotas)
Meaning: Setting aside a share of seats for certain groups
अर्थ: आरक्षण
"The policy provides reservation in education and jobs."
freedom of speech
Meaning: Right to express one’s opinions
अर्थ: वाक्-स्वतंत्रता/अभिव्यक्ति की स्वतंत्रता
"Freedom of speech allows peaceful criticism of policies."
assembly
Meaning: A group gathering for a common purpose
अर्थ: सभा/एकत्रीकरण
"Citizens have the right to peaceful assembly."
association
Meaning: An organized group formed for a purpose
अर्थ: संघ/संस्था
"Workers formed an association to demand fair wages."
reside
Meaning: To live in a particular place
अर्थ: निवास करना/रहना
"Citizens can reside in any part of India."
occupation
Meaning: A person’s regular work or profession
अर्थ: पेशा/व्यवसाय
"No one can be forced into a particular occupation."
deprive
Meaning: To take away something necessary
अर्थ: वंचित करना/छीन लेना
"No one can be deprived of life except by law."
detain
Meaning: To keep someone in official custody
अर्थ: नज़रबंद करना/हिरासत में रखना
"The police cannot detain a person without reason."
magistrate
Meaning: A civil officer with power to administer the law
अर्थ: दंडाधिकारी/मैजिस्ट्रेट
"The accused was produced before the magistrate."
exploitation
Meaning: Unfair use of a person for one’s own advantage
अर्थ: शोषण
"Laws protect children from exploitation at work."
trafficking
Meaning: Illegal buying and selling of humans
अर्थ: मानव तस्करी
"Trafficking violates human dignity and rights."
bonded labour
Meaning: Work forced to repay a debt over a long time
अर्थ: बंधुआ मज़दूरी
"Bonded labour is prohibited by the Constitution."
begar
Meaning: Forced unpaid labour
अर्थ: बेगार (मुफ़्त जबरन काम)
"Begar exploits the poor and is illegal."
hazardous
Meaning: Dangerous or risky to health or safety
अर्थ: खतरनाक/जोखिम भरा
"Children cannot be employed in hazardous industries."
secular
Meaning: Neutral toward all religions; no state religion
अर्थ: धर्मनिरपेक्ष
"India is a secular state that treats all faiths equally."
propagate
Meaning: To spread and promote (ideas or religion)
अर्थ: प्रचार करना/फैलाना
"One may propagate a religion but not by force."
convert
Meaning: To change one’s religion or belief
अर्थ: धर्म परिवर्तन करना
"People are free to convert by their own choice."
inducement
Meaning: Something that persuades or influences someone to do something
अर्थ: प्रलोभन
"Conversion by inducement is not allowed."
impartial
Meaning: Not favoring one side over another; fair
अर्थ: निष्पक्ष
"A judge must be impartial in every case."
conserve
Meaning: To protect and keep from loss or harm
अर्थ: संरक्षित करना
"Minorities have the right to conserve their culture."
administer (an institution)
Meaning: To manage and run an organization or system
अर्थ: प्रशासित करना/संचालित करना
"They administer their own educational institutions."
enforcement
Meaning: The act of making sure laws are followed
अर्थ: प्रवर्तन
"Strong enforcement makes rights meaningful."
infringement
Meaning: A breach or violation of a right or law
अर्थ: अतिक्रमण/हनन
"The court stopped the infringement of privacy."
writ
Meaning: A formal written order by a court
अर्थ: परवाना/रिट (न्यायालय का आदेश)
"Citizens can seek a writ to protect rights."
Public Interest Litigation (PIL)
Meaning: A legal action to protect the public’s interest
अर्थ: जनहित याचिका (PIL)
"The PIL led to cleaner air in the city."
National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)
Meaning: An independent body that investigates human rights violations
अर्थ: राष्ट्रीय मानवाधिकार आयोग (NHRC)
"NHRC inquired into the custodial death case."
covenant
Meaning: A formal agreement or promise, especially between countries
अर्थ: अंतरराष्ट्रीय संधि/प्रतिज्ञापत्र
"India has signed an international human rights covenant."
remedy
Meaning: A legal means of correcting a wrong
अर्थ: उपाय/प्रतिकार
"Courts provide a remedy when rights are violated."
judicial review
Meaning: Court’s power to judge the legality of actions and laws
अर्थ: न्यायिक पुनरीक्षण
"Judicial review protects the Constitution."
impeachment
Meaning: The process to remove a high official from office
अर्थ: महाभियोग
"A judge can be removed only through impeachment."
privacy
Meaning: The right to keep one’s personal life free from intrusion
अर्थ: निजता/गोपनीयता
"Citizens value their right to privacy."