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Political Science NCERT Solutions Class 10 Political Science Chapter 5 – Outcomes of Democracy
Class 10 Political Science
Last Updated: 23 July 2026
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हिंदी में (Hindi)
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Important Points
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
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Tough Words (Glossary)
Democracy
Meaning: A system where people elect their rulers
अर्थ: जनता द्वारा चुनी हुई सरकार की व्यवस्था
"Democracy lets citizens choose their leaders."
Dictatorship
Meaning: Rule by one person or a small group with absolute power
अर्थ: एक व्यक्ति या छोटे समूह द्वारा पूर्ण सत्ता का शासन
"A dictatorship does not allow free elections."
Dignity
Meaning: The state of being worthy of honor and respect
अर्थ: सम्मान और आदर का अधिकार
"Every person deserves dignity in a democracy."
Deliberation
Meaning: Careful thought and discussion before a decision
अर्थ: निर्णय से पहले सोच-समझकर चर्चा
"Laws are made after public deliberation."
Negotiation
Meaning: Talks to reach an agreement
अर्थ: समझौते तक पहुँचने के लिए बातचीत
"Negotiation helps resolve conflicts peacefully."
Accountable
Meaning: Responsible and answerable for actions
अर्थ: जवाबदेह और उत्तरदायी
"Ministers are accountable to the legislature."
Responsive
Meaning: Reacting quickly and positively to needs
अर्थ: ज़रूरतों पर तुरन्त और सकारात्मक प्रतिक्रिया देने वाला
"A responsive government hears citizens’ problems."
Legitimate
Meaning: Lawful and accepted as rightful
अर्थ: वैध और सही माना गया
"Free elections make a government legitimate."
Transparency
Meaning: Openness so that actions can be seen and checked
अर्थ: पारदर्शिता ताकि काम को देखा और जाँचा जा सके
"RTI increases transparency in governance."
Procedure
Meaning: Official steps followed to do something
अर्थ: किसी काम के लिए तय औपचारिक कदम
"Decisions must follow legal procedures."
Institution
Meaning: An established system or organization
अर्थ: स्थापित व्यवस्था या संस्था
"Elections are key democratic institutions."
Legislation
Meaning: Laws made by a legislature
अर्थ: विधानमंडल द्वारा बनाए गए कानून
"New legislation protects consumer rights."
Regime
Meaning: A form or system of government
अर्थ: शासन व्यवस्था
"The regime changed after the election."
Corruption
Meaning: Dishonest use of power for personal gain
अर्थ: व्यक्तिगत लाभ के लिए सत्ता का दुरुपयोग
"Corruption weakens public trust."
Inequality
Meaning: Unequal treatment or distribution
अर्थ: असमानता या असमान बँटवारा
"Democracy works to reduce inequality."
Disparity
Meaning: A great difference, especially unfair one
अर्थ: बड़ा और अक्सर अनुचित अंतर
"Income disparity is a major challenge."
Economic Development
Meaning: Growth in income and production over time
अर्थ: समय के साथ आय और उत्पादन में बढ़ोतरी
"Education supports economic development."
Prudential
Meaning: Based on practical wisdom and careful judgment
अर्थ: व्यावहारिक बुद्धि और सावधान निर्णय पर आधारित
"There are prudential reasons to prefer democracy."
Accommodate
Meaning: To make room for; to adjust to differences
अर्थ: समायोजित करना; जगह देना
"Democracies accommodate social diversity."
Harmonious
Meaning: Peaceful and cooperative
अर्थ: सौहार्दपूर्ण और सहयोगी
"Citizens hope for a harmonious society."
Majority
Meaning: More than half of the total
अर्थ: कुल का आधे से अधिक भाग
"The majority supported the new policy."
Minority
Meaning: A smaller part of the whole
अर्थ: अल्पसंख्यक भाग
"Minority rights must be protected."
Suppression
Meaning: Forcible control or stopping of something
अर्थ: दमन या जबरन रोक
"Suppression of debate hurts democracy."
Social Division
Meaning: Separation of society into different groups
अर्थ: समाज का विभिन्न समूहों में बँटना
"Politics must manage social divisions fairly."
Conflict
Meaning: Serious disagreement or argument
अर्थ: टकराव या गंभीर मतभेद
"Dialogue can prevent conflict from growing."
Participation
Meaning: Taking part in something
अर्थ: भागीदारी
"Voter participation is vital in elections."
Representation
Meaning: Having someone speak or act for others
अर्थ: प्रतिनिधित्व
"Women’s representation has increased locally."
Electorate
Meaning: All people who are eligible to vote
अर्थ: मतदाता समुदाय
"The electorate showed strong interest this year."
Redistribution
Meaning: Sharing resources more fairly
अर्थ: संसाधनों का अधिक न्यायपूर्ण बँटवारा
"Tax policies can aid redistribution."
Poverty
Meaning: State of being extremely poor
अर्थ: गरीबी की स्थिति
"Poverty reduction is a key goal of policy."
Ultra-rich
Meaning: Extremely wealthy people
अर्थ: अति-धनी लोग
"Policies must not favor only the ultra-rich."
Disproportionate
Meaning: Too large or too small compared to something
अर्थ: असम अनुपात में; अनुपातहीन
"The top income has a disproportionate share."
Outcome
Meaning: Result or effect of an action
अर्थ: परिणाम
"We study the outcomes of democracy."
Governance
Meaning: The way a country is managed
अर्थ: शासन-प्रशासन की पद्धति
"Good governance needs transparency."
Decision-making
Meaning: Choosing among options after thinking
अर्थ: निर्णय लेने की प्रक्रिया
"Public debate improves decision-making."
Resolution
Meaning: A firm decision; also, settling a problem
अर्थ: दृढ़ निर्णय; समस्या का समाधान
"Mediation led to a peaceful resolution."
Debate
Meaning: A formal discussion of opposing views
अर्थ: औपचारिक बहस
"Parliament held a debate on the budget."
Rights
Meaning: Legal and moral freedoms people have
अर्थ: अधिकार
"Citizens enjoy fundamental rights."
Constitution
Meaning: The supreme law that guides a country
अर्थ: संविधान, जो देश का सर्वोच्च कानून है
"The Constitution protects our freedoms."
Autonomy
Meaning: The right to self-govern or act independently
अर्थ: स्वायत्तता; स्वतंत्र रूप से निर्णय का अधिकार
"Local bodies need financial autonomy."
Efficiency
Meaning: Doing things well with little waste
अर्थ: कुशलता; कम संसाधनों में अच्छा काम
"Efficiency matters in public services."
Effectiveness
Meaning: Producing the desired result
अर्थ: प्रभावशीलता; अपेक्षित परिणाम देना
"Policy effectiveness depends on execution."
Implementation
Meaning: Putting a plan or law into action
अर्थ: क्रियान्वयन; अमल में लाना
"Implementation of schemes must be monitored."
Acceptable
Meaning: Able to be agreed on or approved
अर्थ: स्वीकार्य; जिसे माना जा सके
"The proposal became acceptable after changes."
Inclusive
Meaning: Including all groups fairly
अर्थ: समावेशी; सभी समूहों को शामिल करने वाला
"Inclusive growth benefits everyone."
Diversity
Meaning: Variety of different forms or groups
अर्थ: विविधता
"India’s diversity is a democratic strength."
Discrimination
Meaning: Unfair treatment of people
अर्थ: भेदभाव; अनुचित व्यवहार
"Laws forbid discrimination by caste or religion."
Atrocity
Meaning: An extremely cruel or violent act
अर्थ: अत्याचार; क्रूर कर्म
"Atrocity cases must be punished quickly."
Subordination
Meaning: Being placed in a lower position
अर्थ: अधीनता; नीचे की स्थिति
"Democracy challenges social subordination."
Domination
Meaning: Control by one group over others
अर्थ: वर्चस्व; प्रभुत्व
"Democracy resists domination by any one group."
Aspiration
Meaning: A strong hope or aim
अर्थ: आकांक्षा; प्रबल लक्ष्य
"Young citizens have aspirations for justice."