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Political Science NCERT Solutions Class 10 Political Science Chapter 4 – Political Parties
Class 10 Political Science
Last Updated: 15 April 2026
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हिंदी में (Hindi)
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Important Points
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Practice MCQ Questions (26 questions)
Q1. What is a political party?
✓ Correct Answer: A
Q2. Which of the following is NOT a function of political parties?
✓ Correct Answer: C
Q3. What is partisanship?
✓ Correct Answer: A
Q4. Why do we need political parties?
✓ Correct Answer: B
Q5. Which system allows only one party to control and run the government?
✓ Correct Answer: C
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
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Tough Words (Glossary)
Graffiti
Meaning: Art or writing drawn on public walls
अर्थ: सार्वजनिक दीवारों पर बनाई गई चित्रकारी या लिखावट
"Election-time graffiti covered the old bridge."
Partisan
Meaning: Strongly supporting one side, often unfairly
अर्थ: एक पक्ष का पक्षपाती, अक्सर अनुचित रूप से
"Her partisan speech ignored the facts."
Omnipresent
Meaning: Present everywhere
अर्थ: सर्वव्यापी, हर जगह मौजूद
"Political parties seem omnipresent during elections."
Constitution
Meaning: The supreme law or basic rules of a country
अर्थ: देश का सर्वोच्च क़ानून या मूल नियम
"The Constitution guarantees equal rights."
Collective good
Meaning: Benefit or welfare of all people together
अर्थ: सामूहिक भलाई, सबकी संयुक्त भलाई
"Policies should aim at the collective good."
Persuade
Meaning: To convince someone to do or believe something
अर्थ: किसी को मनाना या सहमत करना
"Leaders tried to persuade voters."
Implement
Meaning: To put a plan or decision into action
अर्थ: लागू करना, अमल में लाना
"The ministry will implement the new scheme."
Fundamental
Meaning: Basic and essential
अर्थ: मूलभूत, बुनियादी
"Freedom of speech is a fundamental right."
Partisanship
Meaning: Bias in favor of a particular party or group
अर्थ: पक्षपात, किसी दल के प्रति झुकाव
"Partisanship weakens fair debate."
Component
Meaning: One part of a larger whole
अर्थ: घटक, किसी बड़े हिस्से का भाग
"Active members are a key component of a party."
Contest (elections)
Meaning: To take part in an election as a candidate
अर्थ: चुनाव लड़ना
"She will contest the city council election."
Legislature
Meaning: The law‑making body
अर्थ: विधानमंडल, क़ानून बनाने वाली संस्था
"The legislature passed the bill unanimously."
Executive
Meaning: The branch that implements laws and runs government
अर्थ: कार्यपालिका, सरकार चलाने वाली शाखा
"The executive announced a new policy."
Opposition
Meaning: Parties not in power that criticize and check the government
अर्थ: विपक्ष, सरकार की आलोचना और निगरानी करने वाले दल
"The opposition demanded answers in Parliament."
Mobilise
Meaning: To organize people or resources for action
अर्थ: सक्रिय करना/उत्साहित कर संगठित करना
"Students mobilised support for clean elections."
Crystallise
Meaning: To take a clear and definite shape
अर्थ: स्पष्ट रूप लेना, ठोस रूप लेना
"Public opinion crystallised against corruption."
Welfare scheme
Meaning: Government program to help people’s well‑being
अर्थ: कल्याण योजना, लोगों की भलाई हेतु सरकारी योजना
"Thousands applied for the new welfare scheme."
Constituency
Meaning: A voting area that elects a representative
अर्थ: निर्वाचन क्षेत्र
"She won from a rural constituency."
Representative democracy
Meaning: System where people elect others to govern
अर्थ: प्रतिनिधि लोकतंत्र, जहाँ लोग अपने प्रतिनिधि चुनते हैं
"India follows representative democracy."
Mechanism
Meaning: A system or method for achieving something
अर्थ: प्रक्रिया/तंत्र
"We need a mechanism to resolve disputes."
Restrain
Meaning: To hold back or limit
अर्थ: रोकना, संयमित करना
"Laws restrain the abuse of power."
Two‑party system
Meaning: System where two main parties dominate politics
अर्थ: दलीय द्विपक्षीय प्रणाली, जहाँ दो मुख्य दल हावी होते हैं
"The US has a two‑party system."
Multiparty system
Meaning: System with several parties competing for power
अर्थ: बहुदलीय प्रणाली, जहाँ कई दल सत्ता के लिए प्रतिस्पर्धा करते हैं
"India has a multiparty system."
Coalition
Meaning: A temporary alliance of parties to form government
अर्थ: गठबंधन, सरकार बनाने हेतु दलों का अस्थायी गठजोड़
"The parties formed a coalition after the election."
Alliance
Meaning: Agreement between parties to cooperate
अर्थ: गठबंधन/मैत्री समझौता
"Two regional parties entered an alliance."
Federal
Meaning: Relating to a system with central and state governments
अर्थ: संघीय, केंद्र और राज्यों वाली व्यवस्था से संबंधित
"India is a federal country."
Recognised party
Meaning: Party officially approved by the Election Commission
अर्थ: मान्यता प्राप्त दल, चुनाव आयोग द्वारा स्वीकृत
"Only a recognised party can use its symbol."
Criteria
Meaning: Standards or rules used for deciding something
अर्थ: मापदंड, कसौटी
"There are clear criteria for recognition."
Proportion
Meaning: A part or share in relation to the whole
अर्थ: अनुपात, हिस्सा
"A high proportion of voters supported reforms."
Accountability
Meaning: Being answerable for actions and decisions
अर्थ: जवाबदेही
"Transparency increases accountability."
Transparency
Meaning: Openness that allows people to see how decisions are made
अर्थ: पारदर्शिता, निर्णय प्रक्रिया की खुली जानकारी
"Online reports improved transparency."
Good governance
Meaning: Effective, fair and responsible administration
अर्थ: सुशासन, प्रभावी और जिम्मेदार प्रशासन
"Citizens demand good governance."
Secularism
Meaning: Equal respect for all religions by the state
अर्थ: धर्मनिरपेक्षता, राज्य द्वारा सभी धर्मों का समान सम्मान
"Secularism protects minority rights."
Imperialism
Meaning: Policy of extending a country's power through control
अर्थ: साम्राज्यवाद, नियंत्रण/विस्तार की नीति
"The party opposed imperialism in trade."
Communalism
Meaning: Using religion to divide and dominate in politics
अर्थ: सांप्रदायिकता, राजनीति में धर्म के आधार पर विभाजन
"Communalism threatens democracy."
Intelligentsia
Meaning: Educated and intellectual people of society
अर्थ: बौद्धिक वर्ग
"The policy was debated by the intelligentsia."
Centrist
Meaning: Having moderate political views, neither extreme left nor right
अर्थ: मध्यमार्गी, न तो अत्यंत वाम न दक्षिण
"The party follows a centrist path."
Ideology
Meaning: A set of ideas and beliefs guiding a group
अर्थ: विचारधारा
"Every party has its own ideology."
Humanism
Meaning: Belief that values human dignity and welfare
अर्थ: मानववाद, मानव गरिमा और कल्याण को महत्व देने वाला विचार
"Their programme stresses humanism and rights."
Autonomy
Meaning: Right of self‑rule or independence in decision‑making
अर्थ: स्वायत्तता, स्वयं निर्णय लेने का अधिकार
"States sought greater autonomy."
Diversity
Meaning: Variety of different people or things
अर्थ: विविधता, भिन्नताओं की विविधता
"India’s diversity leads to many parties."
Dynastic succession
Meaning: Transfer of leadership within the same family
अर्थ: वंशवादी उत्तराधिकार, नेतृत्व का परिवार के भीतर हस्तांतरण
"Voters criticised dynastic succession in the party."
Paramount
Meaning: More important than anything else; supreme
अर्थ: सर्वोपरि, अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण
"For leaders, public interest should be paramount."
Defection
Meaning: Changing party by an elected representative
अर्थ: दलबदल, निर्वाचित प्रतिनिधि का दल बदलना
"The law discourages defection."
Affidavit
Meaning: A written statement confirmed by oath for use as evidence
अर्थ: शपथपत्र, शपथ लेकर दिया गया लिखित बयान
"Candidates must file an affidavit of assets."
Mandate
Meaning: Authority given by voters to a party or leader
अर्थ: जनादेश, मतदाताओं द्वारा दिया अधिकार
"The election gave a clear mandate for change."
Regulate
Meaning: To control or direct by rules
अर्थ: नियंत्रित/विनियमित करना
"Laws regulate party funding."
Quota
Meaning: A fixed share or number reserved for a group
अर्थ: आरक्षण/नियत हिस्सा
"Many demanded a quota for women candidates."
Consensus
Meaning: General agreement among a group
अर्थ: सर्वसम्मति/समझौता
"Parties built consensus on reforms."
Petition
Meaning: A formal written request signed by many people
अर्थ: अर्जी/याचिका
"Citizens filed a petition for transparency."
Agitation
Meaning: Public protest or movement for a cause
अर्थ: आंदोलन/प्रदर्शन
"Students started an agitation against fee hikes."
Over‑regulation
Meaning: Too many rules that hinder normal functioning
अर्थ: अतिनियमन, अत्यधिक नियमों की बाधा
"Over‑regulation can be counter‑productive."
Counter‑productive
Meaning: Producing results opposite to what is intended
अर्थ: विपरीत/प्रतिकूल परिणाम देने वाला
"The ban turned out to be counter‑productive."