English 
Hindi 
Mathematics 
Environment 
EVS 
Science 
Economics 
Geography 
History 
Political Science NCERT Solutions Class 8 Science - Curiosity Chapter 12 – How Nature Works in Harmony
Class 8 Science - Curiosity
Last Updated: 31 May 2026
Share on WhatsAppChapter Introduction
हिंदी में (Hindi)
Watch Video Lecture
Video Coming Soon..
Important Points
🕐 Coming Soon
Important points for this chapter will be added shortly. Check back soon!
Practice MCQ Questions (60 questions)
Q1. What is a habitat?
✓ Correct Answer: A
Q2. Which pair correctly shows biotic and abiotic components?
✓ Correct Answer: A
Q3. Why do elephants often enter farms near forests?
✓ Correct Answer: B
Q4. Wildlife corridors are created to…
✓ Correct Answer: B
Q5. Which is NOT an abiotic factor in a habitat?
✓ Correct Answer: D
Get all 60 MCQ questions + more!
Download the Genius Mind app for unlimited practice, mock tests & video lectures.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
🕐 Coming Soon
FAQs for this chapter will be added soon. Stay tuned!
Tough Words (Glossary)
Vegetation
Meaning: Plants growing in an area
अर्थ: किसी क्षेत्र में उगने वाले पौधे
"The deer feed on forest vegetation."
Habitat
Meaning: The natural home of an organism
अर्थ: किसी जीव का प्राकृतिक निवास स्थान
"A pond is the habitat of fish and frogs."
Scarce
Meaning: In short supply; not enough
अर्थ: कमी में; पर्याप्त नहीं
"Water becomes scarce in summer."
Waterhole
Meaning: A natural pond or pool where animals drink
अर्थ: जानवरों के पीने का प्राकृतिक जलस्रोत
"Elephants gather near the waterhole."
Plantation
Meaning: A large area where crops are grown
अर्थ: फसलों की बड़ी खेती
"Tea plantation workers start early."
Corridor
Meaning: A safe passage connecting habitats
अर्थ: आवासों को जोड़ने वाला सुरक्षित मार्ग
"Wildlife corridors help elephants move safely."
Ecologist
Meaning: A scientist who studies relationships in nature
अर्थ: प्रकृति में संबंधों का अध्ययन करने वाला वैज्ञानिक
"An ecologist marked the animal routes."
Biodiversity
Meaning: Variety of living things in an area
अर्थ: किसी क्षेत्र में जीवों की विविधता
"The forest has rich biodiversity."
Shrinking
Meaning: Becoming smaller in size or amount
अर्थ: सिकुड़ना; कम होना
"Shrinking forests affect wildlife."
Adapted
Meaning: Suited or adjusted to conditions
अर्थ: परिस्थितियों के अनुरूप ढला
"Fish are adapted to live in water."
Organism
Meaning: Any living thing
अर्थ: कोई भी जीवित प्राणी
"Each organism needs food and water."
Biotic
Meaning: Related to living components
अर्थ: जीवित घटकों से संबंधित
"Plants and animals are biotic factors."
Abiotic
Meaning: Related to non‑living components
अर्थ: निर्जीव घटकों से संबंधित
"Sunlight is an abiotic factor."
Coexist
Meaning: Live together in the same place
अर्थ: एक ही जगह साथ‑साथ रहना
"Nocturnal animals coexist with daytime animals."
Population
Meaning: All members of the same kind in an area
अर्थ: एक क्षेत्र में एक ही प्रकार के सभी सदस्य
"We counted a population of 20 hibiscus plants."
Community
Meaning: Different populations living together
अर्थ: अलग‑अलग आबादियों का समूह
"The pond community includes fish and algae."
Pollination
Meaning: Transfer of pollen to make seeds
अर्थ: पराग कणों का स्थानांतरण जिससे बीज बनते हैं
"Bees help in pollination of flowers."
Larva
Meaning: Young form of an insect before it changes
अर्थ: कीट का अपरिपक्व चरण (लार्वा)
"Dragonfly larva lives in water."
Predator
Meaning: An animal that hunts other animals
अर्थ: शिकार करने वाला जानवर
"Tigers are top predators in forests."
Prey
Meaning: An animal that is hunted
अर्थ: जिसका शिकार किया जाता है
"The fox chased its prey."
Pollinator
Meaning: An animal that carries pollen
अर्थ: पराग ले जाने वाला जीव
"Butterflies are important pollinators."
Interaction
Meaning: Action or influence between things
अर्थ: आपसी क्रिया या प्रभाव
"Plants and soil have constant interaction."
Respiration
Meaning: Process of using oxygen to release energy
अर्थ: ऊर्जा पाने के लिए ऑक्सीजन का उपयोग करने की प्रक्रिया (श्वसन)
"Respiration happens in plants and animals."
Reproduction
Meaning: Process by which living things make young
अर्थ: संतान बनाने की प्रक्रिया (प्रजनन)
"Flowers help in reproduction in plants."
Ecosystem
Meaning: A community and its physical environment together
अर्थ: समुदाय और उसके भौतिक वातावरण का संगठित तंत्र (परितंत्र)
"A pond is a small ecosystem."
Terrestrial
Meaning: Related to land
अर्थ: स्थलीय; भूमि से संबंधित
"A desert is a terrestrial ecosystem."
Aquatic
Meaning: Related to water
अर्थ: जलीय; पानी से संबंधित
"Lakes are aquatic ecosystems."
Photosynthesis
Meaning: Plants making food using light
अर्थ: प्रकाश से पौधों द्वारा भोजन बनाना (प्रकाश संश्लेषण)
"Leaves perform photosynthesis."
Erosion
Meaning: Wearing away of soil or rock
अर्थ: मिट्टी/चट्टान का कटाव
"Roots prevent soil erosion."
Nutrient
Meaning: A substance that feeds and helps growth
अर्थ: विकास में मदद करने वाला पोषक तत्व
"Decomposers return nutrients to soil."
Decomposer
Meaning: Organism that breaks down dead matter
अर्थ: मृत पदार्थ को सड़ाने वाला जीव (अपघटक)
"Fungi are common decomposers."
Saprotroph
Meaning: Organism that feeds on dead matter
अर्थ: सड़े‑गले पदार्थ पर पोषण लेने वाला जीव (सैप्रोट्रॉफ)
"Mushrooms are saprotrophs."
Migration
Meaning: Seasonal movement from one place to another
अर्थ: ऋतु के अनुसार एक स्थान से दूसरे स्थान पर जाना (प्रवासन)
"Migratory birds arrive in winter."
Deforestation
Meaning: Cutting down of forests
अर्थ: जंगलों की कटाई (वन‑उन्मूलन)
"Deforestation harms wildlife."
Invasive species
Meaning: Non‑native species that spread and harm ecosystems
अर्थ: बाहरी प्रजाति जो फैलकर पारितंत्र को नुकसान पहुँचाती है
"Invasive species can outcompete natives."
Sustainable
Meaning: Able to continue without harming nature
अर्थ: प्रकृति को नुकसान पहुँचाए बिना निरंतर चलने योग्य (सतत)
"Sustainable farming saves soil."
Monoculture
Meaning: Growing only one crop repeatedly
अर्थ: बार‑बार एक ही फसल उगाना
"Monoculture reduces soil diversity."
Pesticide
Meaning: Chemical used to kill pests
अर्थ: कीटों को मारने वाला रसायन
"Excess pesticide harms bees."
Fertiliser
Meaning: Substance added to soil for plant nutrients
अर्थ: पौष्टिकता बढ़ाने के लिए मिट्टी में मिलाया पदार्थ (उर्वरक)
"Use organic fertiliser for vegetables."
Irrigation
Meaning: Supplying water to crops
अर्थ: फसलों को पानी पहुँचाना (सिंचाई)
"Canal irrigation helps farmers."
Ploughing
Meaning: Turning over soil for farming
अर्थ: खेती के लिए मिट्टी जोतना
"Ploughing was done before sowing."
Humus
Meaning: Dark organic matter in soil
अर्थ: मिट्टी में गहरा कार्बनिक पदार्थ (ह्यूमस)
"Humus improves soil fertility."
Resistance
Meaning: Ability to withstand or not be affected
अर्थ: प्रतिरोध; असर न होना
"Some pests develop resistance to pesticides."
Trophic level
Meaning: Position of an organism in a food chain
अर्थ: खाद्य शृंखला में जीव का स्तर (पोषण स्तर)
"Eagles are at a higher trophic level."
Food chain
Meaning: Sequence of ‘who eats whom’
अर्थ: ‘कौन किसे खाता है’ का क्रम (खाद्य शृंखला)
"Grass → hare → fox is a food chain."
Food web
Meaning: Network of connected food chains
अर्थ: परस्पर जुड़ी खाद्य शृंखलाओं का जाल (खाद्य जाल)
"A forest has a complex food web."
Herbivore
Meaning: Animal that eats only plants
अर्थ: सिर्फ पौधे खाने वाला जानवर (शाकाहारी)
"A deer is a herbivore."
Carnivore
Meaning: Animal that eats other animals
अर्थ: अन्य जानवरों को खाने वाला (मांसाहारी)
"A leopard is a carnivore."
Omnivore
Meaning: Animal that eats both plants and animals
अर्थ: पौधे और जानवर दोनों खाने वाला (सर्वाहारी)
"A crow is an omnivore."
Mutualism
Meaning: Both partners benefit
अर्थ: दोनों को लाभ होने वाला संबंध (परस्परवाद)
"Bees and flowers show mutualism."
Commensalism
Meaning: One benefits, other unaffected
अर्थ: एक को लाभ, दूसरे पर असर नहीं (सहभोजिता)
"Orchids on trees show commensalism."
Parasitism
Meaning: One benefits, other is harmed
अर्थ: एक को लाभ, दूसरे को हानि (परजीविता)
"Ticks on dogs are parasitism."
Endangered
Meaning: At risk of extinction
अर्थ: विलुप्ति के खतरे में
"The Sundarbans host endangered species."
Sanctuary
Meaning: Protected area for wildlife
अर्थ: वन्यजीवों के लिए संरक्षित क्षेत्र (अभयारण्य)
"We visited a bird sanctuary."
Mangrove
Meaning: Salt‑tolerant tree growing in coastal swamps
अर्थ: समुद्री दलदलों में उगने वाला लवण‑सहिष्णु वृक्ष (मैंग्रोव)
"Mangrove roots protect the coast."
Wetland
Meaning: Land saturated with water like marshes
अर्थ: पानी से भरा क्षेत्र, दलदल आदि (वेटलैंड)
"Wetlands support many birds."