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Political Science NCERT Solutions Class 8 Science - Curiosity Chapter 2 – The Invisible Living World: Beyond Our Naked Eye
Class 8 Science - Curiosity
Last Updated: 31 May 2026
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
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Tough Words (Glossary)
Lens
Meaning: Curved glass that makes things look bigger or smaller
अर्थ: लेंस
"A lens helps us see tiny objects clearly."
Microscope
Meaning: Instrument that magnifies very small objects
अर्थ: सूक्ष्मदर्शी
"We observed onion cells under a microscope."
Magnifying glass
Meaning: Hand lens used to enlarge objects
अर्थ: आवर्धक काँच
"Use a magnifying glass to study an ant."
Organism
Meaning: Any living being (plant or animal)
अर्थ: जीव/जीवधारी
"All organisms need water to survive."
Naked eye
Meaning: Eye without any tool like glasses or lens
अर्थ: नंगी आँख
"Microbes cannot be seen with the naked eye."
Flask
Meaning: Bottle-shaped glass container for experiments
अर्थ: फ्लास्क
"The water-filled flask made letters look bigger."
Cork
Meaning: Light stopper used to close a bottle or flask
अर्थ: कॉर्क/ढक्कन
"Close the flask with a cork."
Magnify
Meaning: To make something appear larger
अर्थ: बड़ा दिखाना/आवर्धित करना
"Water can magnify printed letters."
Observation
Meaning: Careful watching to note details
अर्थ: अवलोकन
"Good observation is important in science."
Compartment
Meaning: A small enclosed space or section
अर्थ: खांचा/खंड
"Hooke saw many compartments in cork."
Honeycomb
Meaning: Hexagonal wax cells made by bees
अर्थ: मधुमक्खी का छत्ता
"The cork looked like a honeycomb."
Cell
Meaning: Basic unit of life in all living things
अर्थ: कोशिका
"All plants and animals are made of cells."
Nucleus
Meaning: Central part of a cell that controls activities
अर्थ: केंद्रक
"The nucleus controls the cell’s functions."
Cytoplasm
Meaning: Jelly-like fluid inside a cell
अर्थ: कोशिका द्रव्य
"Most life processes occur in the cytoplasm."
Cell membrane
Meaning: Thin outer covering of a cell
अर्थ: कोशिका-झिल्ली
"The cell membrane is porous and allows exchange."
Cell wall
Meaning: Rigid outer layer in plant cells
अर्थ: कोशिका भित्ति
"The cell wall gives plants strength."
Chlorophyll
Meaning: Green pigment in plants
अर्थ: क्लोरोफिल/हरित लवक रंजक
"Chlorophyll helps plants absorb sunlight."
Photosynthesis
Meaning: Process plants use to make food using light
अर्थ: प्रकाश संश्लेषण
"Photosynthesis releases oxygen."
Vacuole
Meaning: Storage space inside a cell
अर्थ: रसधानी/रिक्तिका
"Plant cells usually have a large vacuole."
Glycerin
Meaning: Thick liquid used to keep slides moist
अर्थ: ग्लिसरीन
"Add a drop of glycerin to the slide."
Coverslip
Meaning: Thin glass piece placed over a slide
अर्थ: कवरस्लिप
"Place the coverslip gently to avoid bubbles."
Blotting paper
Meaning: Absorbent paper to soak extra liquid
अर्थ: शोषक कागज
"Use blotting paper to remove extra glycerin."
Forceps
Meaning: Tweezer-like tool to hold small objects
अर्थ: चिमटी/फोर्सेप्स
"Peel the onion skin using forceps."
Petri dish
Meaning: Shallow dish used in labs
अर्थ: पेट्री डिश
"Keep the peel in a petri dish with stain."
Stain
Meaning: Dye used to colour cells for viewing
अर्थ: दाग/रंजक
"A red stain made the cells clearer."
Methylene blue
Meaning: Blue dye used to stain cells
अर्थ: मेथिलीन ब्लू
"Stain cheek cells with methylene blue."
Unicellular
Meaning: Made of a single cell
अर्थ: एककोशिकीय
"Amoeba is a unicellular organism."
Multicellular
Meaning: Made of many cells
अर्थ: बहुकोशिकीय
"Humans are multicellular organisms."
Microorganism (Microbe)
Meaning: Tiny living thing seen only with a microscope
अर्थ: सूक्ष्मजीव
"Bacteria are microorganisms found everywhere."
Protozoa
Meaning: Single‑celled animal‑like microbes
अर्थ: प्रोटोज़ोआ
"Protozoa live in pond water."
Algae
Meaning: Plant‑like microbes that make food
अर्थ: शैवाल
"Some algae release oxygen in water."
Fungi
Meaning: Organisms like yeast and moulds
अर्थ: कवक
"Fungi can make bread dough rise."
Bacteria
Meaning: Very small single‑celled organisms
अर्थ: बैक्टीरिया
"Bacteria help in making curd."
Fermentation
Meaning: Breakdown of food by microbes to make products
अर्थ: किण्वन
"Yeast causes fermentation in dough."
Lactobacillus
Meaning: Bacterium that turns milk into curd
अर्थ: लैक्टोबैसिलस
"Lactobacillus ferments warm milk."
Rhizobium
Meaning: Soil bacterium that fixes nitrogen
अर्थ: राइजोबियम
"Rhizobium lives in root nodules of legumes."
Nodule
Meaning: Swollen part on roots housing bacteria
अर्थ: गांठ/नोड्यूल
"Root nodules help plants get nitrogen."
Legume
Meaning: Plants like beans and peas
अर्थ: दलहनी पौधा
"Farmers grow legumes to enrich soil."
Biogas
Meaning: Fuel gas made by microbes from waste
अर्थ: गोबर गैस/बायोगैस
"Biogas is used for cooking in villages."
Methane
Meaning: Main gas in biogas; burns easily
अर्थ: मीथेन
"Methane is released during biogas production."