As the object is moved far from a concave mirror, the image becomes ____.

Inverted and can become smaller

In Activity 10.5, bending the paper caused the reflected beam to disappear on the extension because ____.

They are no longer in the same plane

Laws of reflection are valid for ____.

All mirrors (plane and spherical)

Looking through a convex lens at a nearby object, the object appears ____.

Inverted and enlarged immediately

NCERT Solutions Class 8 Science - Curiosity Chapter 10 – Light: Mirrors and Lenses

Name: Light: Mirrors and Lenses – Class 8 Science - Curiosity
Uploaded: 2026-05-31
Description: This chapter explores spherical mirrors and lenses— how concave and convex mirrors form different images and how lenses bend light to magnify or reduce objects. It also explains the laws of reflection and how these principles are used in everyday tools like headlights, mirrors, and eyeglasses.

Class 8 Science - Curiosity

Last Updated: 31 May 2026

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Chapter Introduction

This chapter explores spherical mirrors and lenses— how concave and convex mirrors form different images and how lenses bend light to magnify or reduce objects. It also explains the laws of reflection and how these principles are used in everyday tools like headlights, mirrors, and eyeglasses.

हिंदी में (Hindi)

यह अध्याय गोलाकार दर्पणों और लेंसों के बारे में बताता है— कैसे अवतल और उत्तल दर्पण अलग-अलग प्रतिबिंब बनाते हैं और लेंस प्रकाश को मोड़कर वस्तुओं को बड़ा या छोटा दिखाते हैं। इसमें परावर्तन के नियम और हेडलाइट, दर्पण व चश्मे जैसे दैनिक उपकरणों में इनके उपयोग भी समझाए गए हैं।

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Important Points

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Practice MCQ Questions (59 questions)

Q1. Which mirror has a reflecting surface that curves inward like the inside of a spoon?

Q2. Which mirror has a reflecting surface that bulges outward?

Q3. Spherical mirrors are shaped like a part of a ______.

Q4. A plane mirror forms an image that is always ____.

Q5. Lateral inversion is seen in images formed by ____.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

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Tough Words (Glossary)

fascinating

Meaning: very interesting and exciting

अर्थ: मनमोहक / रोचक

"The science centre had many fascinating displays."

curved

Meaning: bent in a smooth, rounded shape

अर्थ: वक्र / मुड़ा हुआ

"She looked into a curved mirror."

spherical

Meaning: shaped like a sphere (ball)

अर्थ: गोलीय / गोला-जैसा

"Spherical mirrors are parts of a hollow sphere."

concave

Meaning: curving inward like the inside of a bowl

अर्थ: अवतल

"A concave mirror made her image look bigger."

convex

Meaning: curving outward like the outside of a ball

अर्थ: उत्तल

"A convex mirror shows a smaller, wider view."

inverted

Meaning: upside down or turned opposite

अर्थ: उल्टा / शीर्ष-नीचे

"Her brother’s image looked inverted in the spoon."

erect

Meaning: upright, not upside down

अर्थ: सीधी / खड़ी

"A plane mirror forms an erect image."

bulges

Meaning: sticks out in a rounded way

अर्थ: उभरी हुई / फूली हुई

"The outer side of the spoon bulges outward."

representation

Meaning: a simple drawing or model that shows something

अर्थ: प्रतिनिधित्व / रेखाचित्र

"The book shows a representation of the mirror."

reflecting surface

Meaning: the surface that bounces back light

अर्थ: परावर्तक सतह

"The reflecting surface of the mirror was clean."

hollow

Meaning: empty on the inside

अर्थ: खोखला

"Imagine a mirror as part of a hollow sphere."

grinding

Meaning: rubbing or wearing down to shape

अर्थ: घिसाई / पीसना

"Mirrors are made by grinding and polishing glass."

coating

Meaning: a thin layer covering a surface

अर्थ: परत / लेपन

"A thin aluminium coating makes the mirror reflective."

identify

Meaning: to recognize and name

अर्थ: पहचानना

"Can you identify the concave mirror from the side view?"

characteristics

Meaning: special features or qualities

अर्थ: विशेषताएँ / गुण

"We observed the characteristics of images."

enlarged

Meaning: made bigger in size

अर्थ: बड़ी / विस्तृत

"The toy looked enlarged in the concave mirror."

diminished

Meaning: made smaller in size

अर्थ: छोटी / संकुचित

"A convex mirror forms a diminished image."

lateral inversion

Meaning: left-right reversal in a mirror

अर्थ: पार्श्व प्रतिवर्तन (दाएँ-बाएँ उलट)

"Lateral inversion happens in all mirrors."

intersection

Meaning: a place where two or more roads meet

अर्थ: चौराहा / मोड़

"Convex mirrors are used at road intersections."

surveillance

Meaning: careful watching to prevent problems

अर्थ: निगरानी

"Shops use convex mirrors for surveillance."

govern

Meaning: to control or decide how something works

अर्थ: नियंत्रित करना / संचालित करना

"Laws of reflection govern image formation."

incident ray

Meaning: the beam of light that hits a surface

अर्थ: आपतित किरण

"Draw the incident ray on your diagram."

reflected ray

Meaning: the beam of light that bounces back

अर्थ: परावर्तित किरण

"Measure the angle of the reflected ray."

normal (to a surface)

Meaning: an imaginary line at 90° to a surface

अर्थ: लंब / अभिलंब

"Draw a normal at the point of incidence."

angle of incidence

Meaning: angle between incident ray and normal

अर्थ: आपतन कोण

"The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection."

angle of reflection

Meaning: angle between reflected ray and normal

अर्थ: परावर्तन कोण

"Check if the angle of reflection is equal."

parallel

Meaning: running side by side and never meeting

अर्थ: समानांतर

"We used parallel beams of light."

converge

Meaning: to come together at a point

अर्थ: अभिसरित होना

"A concave mirror makes rays converge."

diverge

Meaning: to move apart in different directions

अर्थ: अपसारित होना

"A convex mirror causes rays to diverge."

concentrate (light)

Meaning: to gather into a small area

अर्थ: केन्द्रित करना

"The mirror can concentrate sunlight."

ignite

Meaning: to catch fire or make something catch fire

अर्थ: आग पकड़ना / जलाना

"The paper began to ignite."

solar concentrator

Meaning: a device that focuses sunlight

अर्थ: सौर संकेन्द्रक

"A solar concentrator can heat water quickly."

furnace

Meaning: an enclosed space for high heating

अर्थ: भट्टी

"Solar furnaces can even melt steel."

transparent

Meaning: allowing light to pass through clearly

अर्थ: पारदर्शी

"A lens is made of transparent glass."

magnifying glass

Meaning: a lens that makes things look bigger

अर्थ: आवर्धक काँच

"She read small print using a magnifying glass."

lens

Meaning: a curved transparent piece that bends light

अर्थ: लेंस

"Our eyes have a natural lens."

thicker

Meaning: having more thickness

अर्थ: मोटा

"A convex lens is thicker in the middle."

edges

Meaning: the outer sides or borders

अर्थ: किनारे

"A concave lens is thicker at the edges."

upright

Meaning: standing straight; erect

अर्थ: सीधा / खड़ा

"The toy looked upright through the concave lens."

holder

Meaning: a stand or device that supports something

अर्थ: धारक / स्टैंड

"Fix the lens in a holder."

investigate

Meaning: to observe or study carefully

अर्थ: जाँच करना / पड़ताल करना

"We will investigate how lenses bend light."

multiple

Meaning: many; more than one

अर्थ: अनेक / कई

"We used multiple beams of light."

adjacent

Meaning: next to; nearby

अर्थ: सटा हुआ / पास का

"Place two adjacent books to hold the lens."

converging lens

Meaning: a lens that brings light rays together

अर्थ: अभिसारी लेंस (उत्तल)

"A converging lens can form a bright spot."

diverging lens

Meaning: a lens that spreads light rays apart

अर्थ: अपसारी लेंस (अवतल)

"A diverging lens makes the image smaller."

surroundings

Meaning: the area around a place or person

अर्थ: आसपास का वातावरण

"We find convex mirrors in our surroundings."

torches

Meaning: handheld lights

अर्थ: टॉर्च

"Concave mirrors are used in torches."

headlights

Meaning: front lights of vehicles

अर्थ: हेडलाइट / सामने की बत्तियाँ

"Car headlights use concave reflectors."

surgeon/dentist mirror

Meaning: a small mirror for viewing inside the mouth

अर्थ: दंत-दर्पण

"The dentist used a mirror to inspect my teeth."

inspect

Meaning: to look at carefully to check

अर्थ: जाँच करना / निरीक्षण करना

"The guide inspected the mirrors for scratches."

device

Meaning: a tool or piece of equipment

अर्थ: उपकरण

"A lens is a simple optical device."

NCERT Solutions Class 8 Science - Curiosity Chapter 10 – Light: Mirrors and Lenses

Chapter Introduction

Watch Video Lecture

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Important Points

Practice MCQ Questions (59 questions)

Q1. Which mirror has a reflecting surface that curves inward like the inside of a spoon?

Q2. Which mirror has a reflecting surface that bulges outward?

Q3. Spherical mirrors are shaped like a part of a ______.

Q4. A plane mirror forms an image that is always ____.

Q5. Lateral inversion is seen in images formed by ____.

Q6. A lens that is thicker at the middle than at the edges is called a ____.

Q7. A lens that is thicker at the edges than at the middle is called a ____.

Q8. Mirrors form images by ____ of light.

Q9. Lenses make images by primarily ____ of light.

Q10. Which of the following is NOT a spherical mirror?

Q11. A concave mirror with an object kept very close (near the mirror) forms an image that is generally ____.

Q12. As the object is moved far from a concave mirror, the image becomes ____.

Q13. A convex mirror forms an image that is always ____.

Q14. Compared to a plane mirror, a convex mirror provides a ____ field of view.

Q15. In a science centre mirror that made Meena look tiny but erect, the mirror was likely ____.

Q16. If a concave mirror is used very close to the face, the image appears ____.

Q17. The mirror that always forms a virtual image is ____.

Q18. A virtual image in a mirror is one that ____.

Q19. An inverted image is formed by a concave mirror when the object is placed ____.

Q20. The angle between the incident ray and the normal is called the ____.

Q21. According to the first law of reflection, angle of incidence (i) equals ____.

Q22. According to the second law of reflection, the incident ray, normal, and reflected ray lie ____.

Q23. When the incident ray falls along the normal, the reflected ray ____.

Q24. A narrow beam of light used to represent the path of light in diagrams is called a ____.

Q25. Multiple parallel rays reflected from a plane mirror remain ____ after reflection.

Q26. Multiple parallel rays reflected from a concave mirror become ____.

Q27. Multiple parallel rays reflected from a convex mirror become ____.

Q28. In Activity 10.5, bending the paper caused the reflected beam to disappear on the extension because ____.

Q29. Laws of reflection are valid for ____.

Q30. Reflectors of torches and car headlights are usually ____.

Q31. Dentists use a small mirror that provides an enlarged view when close to the teeth. It is a ____.

Q32. Side-view mirrors on vehicles are ____.

Q33. Convex mirrors are installed at road intersections because they provide ____.

Q34. Big stores use ____ mirrors for surveillance to see a larger area.

Q35. A concave mirror facing the Sun can concentrate light to a point because it ____ the rays.

Q36. Solar concentrators use mirrors/lenses primarily to ____ sunlight.

Q37. Never view the Sun directly with mirrors or lenses because it can ____.

Q38. The main mirror in many reflecting telescopes is a large ____ mirror.

Q39. A mirror that helps drivers see around a sharp bend is usually ____.

Q40. A convex lens is also called a ____ lens.

Q41. A concave lens is also called a ____ lens.

Q42. A water drop on glass can act like a simple ____.

Q43. Looking through a convex lens at a nearby object, the object appears ____.

Q44. When an object is moved far from a convex lens and seen through it, it may appear ____.

Q45. An object viewed through a concave lens appears ____.

Q46. Parallel rays through a thin glass plate remain ____ after passing.

Q47. Parallel rays through a convex lens become ____ after passing.

Q48. Parallel rays through a concave lens become ____ after passing.

Q49. A convex lens can burn paper under sunlight because it ____ light to a tiny bright spot.

Q50. Which device most likely contains multiple small convex lenses?

Q51. Eyeglasses for farsightedness typically use ____ lenses.

Q52. Eyeglasses for nearsightedness typically use ____ lenses.

Q53. A spoon shows an inverted face when viewed in its inner side because it behaves like a ____.

Q54. The outer side of a spoon behaves like a ____ mirror showing an erect but smaller image.

Q55. To identify a concave vs convex mirror placed face up on a table, view from the side to see if the reflecting surface is ____.

Q56. In Activity 10.4, changing the angle of incidence caused the reflected beam to ____.

Q57. A convex mirror makes distant cars appear ____ in a side-view mirror.

Q58. A concave mirror used in a torch places the bulb near its focus to get a(n) ____ beam.

Q59. The safest statement about looking at the Sun with optical devices is ____.