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Political Science NCERT Solutions Class 7 Social Science Chapter 2 – Understanding the Weather
Class 7 Social Science
Last Updated: 31 May 2026
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हिंदी में (Hindi)
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Important Points
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Practice MCQ Questions (50 questions)
Q1. What is weather?
✓ Correct Answer: B
Q2. Which layer of the atmosphere is closest to the Earth's surface?
✓ Correct Answer: B
Q3. All weather phenomena occur in which atmospheric layer?
✓ Correct Answer: B
Q4. What is the height range of the troposphere?
✓ Correct Answer: B
Q5. Which zone has a thicker troposphere due to warm air expansion?
✓ Correct Answer: B
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
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Tough Words (Glossary)
Atmosphere
Meaning: The layer of gases surrounding the Earth.
अर्थ: वायुमंडल
"The Earth’s atmosphere contains oxygen and nitrogen."
Troposphere
Meaning: The lowest layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs.
अर्थ: क्षोभमंडल
"The troposphere is where clouds form."
Phenomena
Meaning: Events or occurrences that can be observed.
अर्थ: घटनाएँ
"Rainbows are natural phenomena."
Contract
Meaning: To shrink or become smaller.
अर्थ: सिकुड़ना
"Cold air contracts in the polar regions."
Expand
Meaning: To become larger or wider.
अर्थ: फैलना
"Warm air expands in the tropics."
Precipitation
Meaning: Water falling from the sky as rain, snow, or hail.
अर्थ: वृष्टि
"Precipitation includes rainfall and snowfall."
Atmospheric Pressure
Meaning: The weight of air above the Earth’s surface.
अर्थ: वायुदाब
"Atmospheric pressure is higher at sea level."
Humidity
Meaning: The amount of water vapour in the air.
अर्थ: नमी
"Kochi has high humidity compared to Delhi."
Temperature
Meaning: The measure of how hot or cold something is.
अर्थ: तापमान
"The temperature today is 30°C."
Chilly
Meaning: Uncomfortably cold.
अर्थ: सर्द
"It was a chilly winter morning."
Forecast
Meaning: A prediction of future weather conditions.
अर्थ: पूर्वानुमान
"The forecast says it will rain tomorrow."
Signals
Meaning: Clues or signs indicating something.
अर्थ: संकेत
"Dark clouds are signals of rain."
Generation
Meaning: All people born around the same time.
अर्थ: पीढ़ी
"This knowledge was passed down through generations."
Monsoon
Meaning: Seasonal heavy rains in South Asia.
अर्थ: मानसून
"India receives rainfall during the monsoon."
Precision
Meaning: Accuracy and exactness.
अर्थ: सटीकता
"Weather instruments give precision readings."
Meteorologist
Meaning: A scientist who studies weather.
अर्थ: मौसम विज्ञानी
"The meteorologist predicted heavy rain."
Thermometer
Meaning: Instrument to measure temperature.
अर्थ: थर्मामीटर
"A thermometer shows body temperature."
Statistics
Meaning: Numerical data collected for analysis.
अर्थ: सांख्यिकी
"Weather statistics help in predictions."
Range
Meaning: The difference between highest and lowest values.
अर्थ: सीमा
"The daily temperature range is 10°C."
Mean
Meaning: The average of numbers.
अर्थ: औसत
"The mean temperature today is 25°C."
Motto
Meaning: A short phrase expressing a belief or goal.
अर्थ: सूक्ति वाक्य
"The IMD motto means 'From the sun arises rain'."
Rain Gauge
Meaning: Instrument to measure rainfall.
अर्थ: वर्षामापी
"Rain gauge recorded 20 mm of rain."
Cylinder
Meaning: A round container with straight sides.
अर्थ: बेलनाकार पात्र
"Rainwater is collected in a cylinder."
Scale
Meaning: A system of marks for measurement.
अर्थ: मापनी
"The scale shows the amount of rainfall."
Thunderstorm
Meaning: A storm with thunder and lightning.
अर्थ: आंधी-तूफान
"We experienced a thunderstorm last night."
Altitude
Meaning: Height above sea level.
अर्थ: ऊँचाई
"Khardung La is at a high altitude."
Oxygen
Meaning: A gas needed for breathing.
अर्थ: ऑक्सीजन
"There is less oxygen at high altitudes."
Depression
Meaning: An area of low air pressure.
अर्थ: निम्नदाब क्षेत्र
"A depression in the Bay of Bengal caused rain."
Cyclone
Meaning: A violent storm with strong winds.
अर्थ: चक्रवात
"The cyclone damaged houses and trees."
Barometer
Meaning: Instrument to measure air pressure.
अर्थ: वायुमापी
"The barometer showed low pressure today."
Millibar
Meaning: A unit of pressure.
अर्थ: मिलीबार
"The normal pressure at sea level is 1013 mb."
Acclimatise
Meaning: To adjust to new conditions.
अर्थ: अनुकूल होना
"Climbers need to acclimatise at high altitudes."
High-altitude
Meaning: Places located very high above sea level.
अर्थ: उच्च ऊँचाई
"The army works in high-altitude regions."
Wind Vane
Meaning: Instrument to show wind direction.
अर्थ: पवनदर्शी
"The wind vane showed the wind was from the east."
Anemometer
Meaning: Instrument to measure wind speed.
अर्थ: पवनवेगमापी
"Anemometer recorded strong winds today."
Breeze
Meaning: A gentle wind.
अर्थ: मंद हवा
"A cool breeze blew in the evening."
Wind Sock
Meaning: Cloth tube to show wind direction.
अर्थ: पवन थैली
"The pilot saw the wind sock on the runway."
Saturated
Meaning: Completely filled with water vapour.
अर्थ: संतृप्त
"Air is saturated at 100% humidity."
Relative Humidity
Meaning: The percentage of water vapour in air compared to maximum possible.
अर्थ: सापेक्ष आर्द्रता
"Delhi had 52% relative humidity today."
Hygrometer
Meaning: Instrument to measure humidity.
अर्थ: आर्द्रतामापी
"The hygrometer showed high humidity."
Exhibit
Meaning: An object displayed for people to see.
अर्थ: प्रदर्शनी वस्तु
"The museum protects its exhibits from humidity."
Automated
Meaning: Operated by machines without human help.
अर्थ: स्वचालित
"The station uses automated instruments."
Navigation
Meaning: The process of directing a ship or aircraft.
अर्थ: संचालन
"Pilots depend on navigation systems."
Disaster
Meaning: A sudden event causing great damage.
अर्थ: आपदा
"Floods are natural disasters."
Mobilise
Meaning: To organize people or resources for action.
अर्थ: सक्रिय करना
"The government mobilised aid during the cyclone."
Evacuate
Meaning: To move people from danger to safety.
अर्थ: निकासी करना
"Villagers evacuated during the flood."
Warning
Meaning: Information about possible danger ahead.
अर्थ: चेतावनी
"The IMD issued a cyclone warning."
Elements
Meaning: The basic parts of something.
अर्थ: तत्व
"Temperature and wind are elements of weather."
Monitor
Meaning: To watch or check carefully.
अर्थ: निगरानी करना
"Satellites monitor the weather."
Climate
Meaning: The usual weather conditions in an area over a long period.
अर्थ: जलवायु
"India has a tropical climate."
Drought
Meaning: A long period with little or no rain.
अर्थ: सूखा
"The farmers suffered due to drought."
Flood
Meaning: Overflow of water onto land.
अर्थ: बाढ़
"Heavy rain caused floods in Bihar."
Storm
Meaning: A violent disturbance with strong winds.
अर्थ: तूफान
"The storm uprooted many trees."
Extreme
Meaning: Very great in degree.
अर्थ: अत्यधिक
"The city faced extreme heat in May."
Loo
Meaning: Hot and dusty wind in northern India.
अर्थ: लू
"The loo blows in north India during summer."
Sleet
Meaning: Frozen raindrops that fall as ice.
अर्थ: ओले जैसे बर्फ़ीले कण
"Sleet covered the road during winter."
Hail
Meaning: Small balls of ice falling from clouds.
अर्थ: ओले
"Hail destroyed the crops."
Croak
Meaning: The deep sound made by a frog.
अर्थ: टर्राना
"The frog croaked loudly before rain."
Cone
Meaning: The seed-producing part of pine trees.
अर्थ: शंकु
"Pine cones open in dry weather."