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Political Science NCERT Solutions Class 7 Social Science Chapter 1 – Geographical Diversity of India
Class 7 Social Science
Last Updated: 31 May 2026
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हिंदी में (Hindi)
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Important Points
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Practice MCQ Questions (50 questions)
Q1. Who was the first Indian astronaut to go into space?
✓ Correct Answer: C
Q2. What is the meaning of the word "Himalaya" in Sanskrit?
✓ Correct Answer: B
Q3. Which of the following is NOT a region of India as mentioned in the chapter?
✓ Correct Answer: D
Q4. Which river originates from the Gangotri Glacier?
✓ Correct Answer: C
Q5. What is the approximate rate at which India is pushing into Asia annually?
✓ Correct Answer: B
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
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Tough Words (Glossary)
Astronaut
Meaning: A person trained to travel and work in space.
अर्थ: अंतरिक्ष यात्री
"Rakesh Sharma was the first Indian astronaut."
Subcontinent
Meaning: A large, distinguishable part of a continent.
अर्थ: उपमहाद्वीप
"India is part of the Asian subcontinent."
Peninsula
Meaning: A piece of land surrounded by water on three sides.
अर्थ: प्रायद्वीप
"India’s southern part is a peninsula."
Altitude
Meaning: Height of a place above sea level.
अर्थ: ऊँचाई
"The altitude of Mount Everest is very high."
Tributary
Meaning: A river or stream flowing into a larger river.
अर्थ: सहायक नदी
"The Yamuna is a tributary of the Ganga."
Glacier
Meaning: A large mass of ice moving slowly down a valley.
अर्थ: हिमनद
"The Gangotri glacier is a source of the Ganga."
Erosion
Meaning: The process by which soil and rocks are worn away.
अर्थ: कटाव
"Wind and rain cause erosion of mountains."
Rugged
Meaning: Rough and uneven surface.
अर्थ: ऊबड़-खाबड़
"The terrain in Ladakh is rugged."
Monastery
Meaning: A place where monks live and worship.
अर्थ: मठ
"The Himalayas have many monasteries."
Pilgrim
Meaning: A person who travels to a holy place for religious reasons.
अर्थ: तीर्थयात्री
"Thousands of pilgrims visit Gaumukh every year."
Collision
Meaning: The act of two objects crashing into each other.
अर्थ: टक्कर
"India’s collision with Eurasia formed the Himalayas."
Millennium
Meaning: A period of one thousand years.
अर्थ: सहस्राब्दी
"The Himalayas have been rising for many millennia."
Abode
Meaning: A place where someone lives.
अर्थ: निवास
"Himalaya means abode of snow."
Biodiversity
Meaning: The variety of life in a particular habitat.
अर्थ: जैव विविधता
"The Himalayas have rich biodiversity."
Foothills
Meaning: Low hills at the base of a mountain.
अर्थ: पर्वत की तलहटी
"The Shivalik Hills are foothills of the Himalayas."
Heritage
Meaning: Something passed down from the past.
अर्थ: विरासत
"The Great Himalayan National Park is a World Heritage Site."
Flora
Meaning: The plants of a region.
अर्थ: वनस्पति
"The park is rich in flora."
Fauna
Meaning: The animals of a region.
अर्थ: जीव-जंतु
"Snow leopards are part of the Himalayan fauna."
Terrain
Meaning: The physical features of an area of land.
अर्थ: स्थलाकृति
"Ladakh has a rocky terrain."
Antelope
Meaning: An animal similar to a deer.
अर्थ: हिरण
"Tibetan antelopes live in Ladakh."
Festival
Meaning: A special day of celebration.
अर्थ: त्योहार
"Losar is a famous festival in Ladakh."
Fertile
Meaning: Land that can produce crops easily.
अर्थ: उपजाऊ
"The Gangetic Plains are fertile."
Alluvial
Meaning: Soil made of river deposits.
अर्थ: पललटी मिट्टी
"Alluvial soil is found in river plains."
Arid
Meaning: Extremely dry land.
अर्थ: शुष्क
"The Thar Desert is an arid region."
Dune
Meaning: A hill of sand formed by the wind.
अर्थ: रेतीला टीला
"The Thar Desert has many sand dunes."
Scarce
Meaning: Very little in number or amount.
अर्थ: अल्प
"Water is scarce in the desert."
Ingenious
Meaning: Very clever and inventive.
अर्थ: चतुर
"People of Rajasthan use ingenious water methods."
Conservation
Meaning: The act of protecting nature.
अर्थ: संरक्षण
"Water conservation is important in deserts."
Extraction
Meaning: The process of taking out something.
अर्थ: निकालना
"Zinc extraction was done in ancient India."
Deterrent
Meaning: Something that prevents or discourages action.
अर्थ: निवारक
"The Aravallis acted as a deterrent to enemies."
Plateau
Meaning: An area of flat land that is higher than the land around it.
अर्थ: पठार
"The Deccan Plateau is in southern India."
Monsoon
Meaning: Seasonal heavy rains in India.
अर्थ: मानसून
"The Western Ghats get heavy rain in monsoon."
Tribal
Meaning: People belonging to traditional communities.
अर्थ: आदिवासी
"Tribal groups live in the plateau regions."
Coastline
Meaning: The boundary where land meets the sea.
अर्थ: तटरेखा
"India has a long coastline."
Estuary
Meaning: Where a river meets the sea.
अर्थ: नदीमुख
"The Narmada forms an estuary."
Lagoon
Meaning: A shallow body of water separated from the sea.
अर्थ: झील
"Chilika Lake is a lagoon."
Delta
Meaning: A landform made at the mouth of a river.
अर्थ: डेल्टा
"The Sundarbans is the world’s largest delta."
Archipelago
Meaning: A group of islands.
अर्थ: द्वीपसमूह
"Lakshadweep is an archipelago."
Volcano
Meaning: A mountain that erupts with lava and ash.
अर्थ: ज्वालामुखी
"Barren Island has an active volcano."
Mangrove
Meaning: A type of tree that grows in coastal swamps.
अर्थ: मैंग्रोव वृक्ष
"The Sundarbans are famous for mangroves."
Tribute
Meaning: Something given to show respect.
अर्थ: श्रद्धांजलि
"The Cellular Jail is a tribute to freedom fighters."
Craftsmanship
Meaning: Skill in making things.
अर्थ: कारीगरी
"Root bridges show great craftsmanship."
Picturesque
Meaning: Visually attractive, like a picture.
अर्थ: चित्रोपम
"Mawlynnong is a picturesque village."
Hydroelectricity
Meaning: Electricity produced from water power.
अर्थ: जलविद्युत
"Jog Falls produces hydroelectricity."
Barrier
Meaning: Something that blocks movement.
अर्थ: अवरोध
"The Himalayas act as a natural barrier."
Mineral
Meaning: Natural substance found in earth used for industry.
अर्थ: खनिज
"The plateau is rich in minerals."
Civilisation
Meaning: An advanced stage of human society.
अर्थ: सभ्यता
"The Gangetic plains are home to ancient civilisation."
Sanctuary
Meaning: A place where animals are protected.
अर्थ: अभयारण्य
"The Himalayas have many wildlife sanctuaries."
Valley
Meaning: Low land between hills or mountains.
अर्थ: घाटी
"Kashmir is famous for its valleys."
Geologist
Meaning: A scientist who studies earth and rocks.
अर्थ: भूवैज्ञानिक
"Geologists explain how mountains were formed."
Sediment
Meaning: Material carried and deposited by water or wind.
अर्थ: अवसाद
"Rivers deposit sediments to form deltas."
Resource
Meaning: A supply of something useful.
अर्थ: संसाधन
"Water is a precious natural resource."
Climate
Meaning: The general weather of a place.
अर्थ: जलवायु
"India has a diverse climate."
Sacred
Meaning: Something considered holy.
अर्थ: पवित्र
"The Himalayas are considered sacred."
Turbine
Meaning: A machine that produces power from moving water or wind.
अर्थ: टरबाइन
"Water turbines are used for hydroelectricity."
Ridge
Meaning: A long, narrow line of hills or mountains.
अर्थ: पर्वत-शृंखला
"The Aravallis have many ridges."
Coral
Meaning: Hard skeleton of sea animals that form reefs.
अर्थ: मूंगा
"The Lakshadweep islands are made of coral."
Desert
Meaning: A dry, barren area with little rain.
अर्थ: मरुस्थल
"The Thar is the Great Indian Desert."
Peninsular
Meaning: Relating to a peninsula.
अर्थ: प्रायद्वीपीय
"India has a peninsular plateau."