NCERT Solutions Class 7 Science Chapter 11 – Light: Shadows and Reflections

Name: Light: Shadows and Reflections – Class 7 Science
Uploaded: 2026-05-31
Description: Light travels in straight lines and interacts differently with materials—transparent, translucent, or opaque. Shadows are formed when light is blocked, and mirrors reflect light to form images. A pinhole camera produces inverted images, while plane mirrors produce erect but laterally inverted images.

Class 7 Science

Last Updated: 31 May 2026

Share on WhatsApp

Chapter Introduction

Light travels in straight lines and interacts differently with materials—transparent, translucent, or opaque. Shadows are formed when light is blocked, and mirrors reflect light to form images. A pinhole camera produces inverted images, while plane mirrors produce erect but laterally inverted images.

हिंदी में (Hindi)

प्रकाश सीधे रेखाओं में यात्रा करता है और पारदर्शी, अर्धपारदर्शी और अपारदर्शी पदार्थों में अलग व्यवहार करता है। जब प्रकाश अवरुद्ध होता है तो छाया बनती है, और दर्पण प्रकाश को परावर्तित कर चित्र बनाते हैं। पिनहोल कैमरा उल्टा चित्र बनाता है, जबकि समतल दर्पण सीधा परंतु पार्श्व पलटा चित्र बनाता है।

Watch Video Lecture

Video Coming Soon..

Practice more on the App!

Get unlimited MCQ tests & video lectures.

Download

Important Points

🕐 Coming Soon

Important points for this chapter will be added shortly. Check back soon!

Practice MCQ Questions (50 questions)

Q1. What is the main source of natural light on Earth?

Q2. Objects that emit their own light are called:

Q3. Which of these is a non-luminous object?

Q4. How does light travel?

Q5. Which activity proves light travels in straight line?

Get all 50 MCQ questions + more!

Download the Genius Mind app for unlimited practice, mock tests & video lectures.

▶ Google Play

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

🕐 Coming Soon

FAQs for this chapter will be added soon. Stay tuned!

Tough Words (Glossary)

Luminous

Meaning: Giving off its own light

अर्थ: दीप्त/स्वप्रकाशी

"The Sun is a luminous object."

Non‑luminous

Meaning: Not giving off its own light

अर्थ: अदीप्त/परप्रकाशी

"The Moon is non‑luminous; it reflects sunlight."

Emit

Meaning: To send out light, heat, or sound

अर्थ: उत्सर्जित करना/निकलना

"Fireflies emit light at night."

Reflect

Meaning: To bounce light back from a surface

अर्थ: परावर्तित करना

"Mirrors reflect light well."

Reflection

Meaning: Change in direction when light bounces off a surface

अर्थ: परावर्तन

"We see our face due to reflection."

Straight line

Meaning: A path with no curves

अर्थ: सीधी रेखा

"Light appears to travel in a straight line."

Beam

Meaning: A narrow stream of light

अर्थ: किरण पुंज/बीम

"The torch made a bright beam."

Torch

Meaning: A handheld light source

अर्थ: टॉर्च

"Shine the torch through the slit."

Headlights

Meaning: Front lights of a vehicle

अर्थ: हेडलाइट/मुख्य दीप

"Headlights lit the hilly road."

Moonlight

Meaning: Light from the Moon

अर्थ: चाँदनी

"We walked in the moonlight."

Lightning

Meaning: A sudden flash of light in the sky during storms

अर्थ: बिजली चमक

"Lightning is a natural light source."

Firefly

Meaning: An insect that produces light

अर्थ: जुगनू

"Hundreds of fireflies glowed together."

Seasonal

Meaning: Happening during only one season

अर्थ: मौसमी

"Fireflies are seasonal insects."

Pollution

Meaning: Harmful changes to the environment

अर्थ: प्रदूषण

"Light pollution reduces fireflies."

Artificial

Meaning: Made by humans; not natural

अर्थ: कृत्रिम

"A lamp is an artificial light source."

Electricity

Meaning: Energy that powers lights and machines

अर्थ: बिजली/विद्युत

"Electricity gives us bright lighting."

Fuel

Meaning: A material burned to produce energy

अर्थ: ईंधन

"Oil and wax were used as fuels."

Lamps

Meaning: Devices that produce light

अर्थ: दीप/लैम्प

"LED lamps save energy."

LED (Light Emitting Diode)

Meaning: A very efficient electric light

अर्थ: प्रकाश उत्सर्जक डायोड (एलईडी)

"LED bulbs use less power."

Recycle

Meaning: To process used items so they can be used again

अर्थ: रीसायकल करना/पुनर्चक्रण

"Recycle old LEDs properly."

Transparent

Meaning: Letting almost all light pass through

अर्थ: पारदर्शी

"Glass is transparent."

Translucent

Meaning: Letting some light pass through

अर्थ: अर्धपारदर्शी

"Butter paper is translucent."

Opaque

Meaning: Not letting light pass through

अर्थ: अपारदर्शी

"Wood is opaque."

Screen

Meaning: A surface on which a picture or shadow appears

अर्थ: पर्दा/स्क्रीन

"A wall can act as a screen."

Shadow

Meaning: A dark shape made when an object blocks light

अर्थ: छाया

"Your body makes a shadow in sunlight."

Spot of light

Meaning: A small bright area on a surface

अर्थ: प्रकाश बिंदु

"We saw a spot of light on the wall."

Align

Meaning: To place things in a straight line

अर्थ: सीध में रखना/संरेखित करना

"Align the holes of the matchboxes."

Flexible

Meaning: Easily bent without breaking

अर्थ: लचीला

"Use a flexible pipe for the activity."

Laser

Meaning: A narrow, intense beam of light

अर्थ: लेज़र

"A laser beam travels straight."

Bend

Meaning: To curve or change direction

अर्थ: मोड़ना/झुकना

"You cannot see through a bent pipe."

Material

Meaning: What something is made of

अर्थ: पदार्थ/सामग्री

"Test different materials with light."

Classify

Meaning: To group things by type

अर्थ: वर्गीकृत करना

"Classify objects as transparent or opaque."

Predict

Meaning: To say what you think will happen

अर्थ: अनुमान लगाना/भविष्यवाणी

"Predict if light passes through."

Observe

Meaning: To watch carefully and note what happens

अर्थ: अवलोकन करना

"Observe the shadow on the screen."

Conclusion

Meaning: A decision after thinking about facts

अर्थ: निष्कर्ष

"We drew a conclusion from the activity."

Caution

Meaning: A warning to be careful

अर्थ: सावधानी

"Caution: do not point lasers at eyes."

Perpendicular

Meaning: At a right angle (90°) to something

अर्थ: लंबवत/समकोणीय

"Hold the comb perpendicular to the paper."

Slit

Meaning: A narrow opening

अर्थ: चीरा/संकीर्ण छेद

"Light passes through a thin slit."

Plane mirror

Meaning: A flat mirror

अर्थ: समतल दर्पण

"A plane mirror forms an erect image."

Erect

Meaning: Upright; not upside down

अर्थ: सीधा/एरेक्ट

"The mirror image is erect."

Inverted

Meaning: Upside down

अर्थ: उल्टा/उलटी

"A pinhole camera gives an inverted image."

Image

Meaning: A picture formed by a mirror or lens

अर्थ: प्रतिमा/छवि

"The image looked the same size."

Object

Meaning: The thing that forms an image

अर्थ: वस्तु

"Place the object in front of the mirror."

Lateral inversion

Meaning: Left–right reversal in a mirror image

अर्थ: पार्श्व अदला‑बदली/लैटरल इन्वर्ज़न

"Words look reversed due to lateral inversion."

Rear‑view mirror

Meaning: Mirror in vehicles to see behind

अर्थ: पिछला दर्पण/रियर‑व्यू मिरर

"AMBULANCE is written reversed for rear‑view mirrors."

Pinhole camera

Meaning: A box with a tiny hole that makes an image

अर्थ: सूक्ष्म छिद्र कैमरा/पिनहोल कैमरा

"We made a pinhole camera from boxes."

Translucent paper

Meaning: Paper that lets some light through

अर्थ: अर्धपारदर्शी कागज़

"Cover the window with translucent paper."

Triangular

Meaning: Having three sides

अर्थ: त्रिकोणीय

"Join mirrors in a triangular shape."

Periscope

Meaning: Device with two mirrors to see over obstacles

अर्थ: पेरिस्कोप

"A periscope lets submarines see above water."

Kaleidoscope

Meaning: Tube of mirrors that shows colourful patterns

अर्थ: कैलिडोस्कोप

"We saw patterns in a kaleidoscope."

Pattern

Meaning: A repeated decorative design

अर्थ: आकृति/नमूना/पैटर्न

"Turn the tube to change the pattern."

Silhouette

Meaning: A dark outline seen against light

अर्थ: छाया‑रूप/सिल्हूट

"The tree made a clear silhouette at sunset."

Aperture

Meaning: A small opening or hole

अर्थ: छिद्र/अपर्चर

"Light enters through a tiny aperture."

Cardboard

Meaning: Stiff, thick paper material

अर्थ: गत्ता

"Make the camera from cardboard."

Adhesive

Meaning: A sticky substance used to join things

अर्थ: चिपकाने वाला/एडहेसिव

"Use adhesive tape to fix the sheet."

Mirror surface

Meaning: Shiny reflecting side of a mirror

अर्थ: दर्पण सतह

"Keep the mirror surface clean."

Redirect

Meaning: To send in a different direction

अर्थ: दिशा बदल कर भेजना

"Mirror can redirect sunlight to the wall."

Polished

Meaning: Made smooth and shiny

अर्थ: मसृण/चमकाया हुआ

"A polished steel plate reflects light."

Diffuse

Meaning: To spread out in many directions

अर्थ: प्रसारित/विकिरित होना

"Frosted glass gives diffuse light."

Intensity

Meaning: Brightness or strength of light

अर्थ: तीव्रता

"The beam’s intensity was high."

NCERT Solutions Class 7 Science Chapter 11 – Light: Shadows and Reflections

Chapter Introduction

Watch Video Lecture

Video Coming Soon..

Important Points

Practice MCQ Questions (50 questions)

Q1. What is the main source of natural light on Earth?

Q2. Objects that emit their own light are called:

Q3. Which of these is a non-luminous object?

Q4. How does light travel?

Q5. Which activity proves light travels in straight line?

Q6. What happens when light passes through a bent pipe?

Q7. Materials that allow complete light transmission are:

Q8. What type of material forms the darkest shadow?

Q9. What three things are needed to form a shadow?

Q10. What determines the size of a shadow?

Q11. What happens to shadow when object moves closer to light?

Q12. Which traditional Indian art form uses shadows?

Q13. The change in light direction by mirror is called:

Q14. What type of mirror is used in periscopes?

Q15. Characteristics of plane mirror image include:

Q16. What is lateral inversion?

Q17. Why is "AMBULANCE" written reversed?

Q18. Where is Aranmula Kannadi made?

Q19. What does a pinhole camera produce?

Q20. How many mirrors are used in periscope?

Q21. What is the use of periscope?

Q22. How many mirrors are in kaleidoscope?

Q23. What creates patterns in kaleidoscope?

Q24. Which is NOT a light source?

Q25. What happens when opaque object blocks light?

Q26. Which material allows partial light transmission?

Q27. What color are shadows?

Q28. What happens when light hits shiny surface?

Q29. Which mirror shows exact image size?

Q30. What is needed to see reflection?

Q31. Why use LED lamps?

Q32. What happens when mirror is tilted?

Q33. What is the screen in pinhole camera made of?

Q34. What type of image does pinhole camera form?

Q35. Which is NOT true about plane mirror images?

Q36. What happens when object moves closer to mirror?

Q37. Which material would create faint shadow?

Q38. What is the hole size in pinhole camera?

Q39. What happens to light in kaleidoscope?

Q40. Which is NOT a use of periscope?

Q41. What is the main component of mirror?

Q42. What happens when light passes through comb slit?

Q43. Which factor does NOT affect shadow?

Q44. What is the angle between mirrors in periscope?

Q45. Which Indian state is famous for shadow puppetry called Togalu Gombeyaata?

Q46. What happens when milk is added to water in laser experiment?

Q47. Which is NOT a characteristic of plane mirror image?

Q48. What happens to image when mirror moves?

Q49. Why is tracing paper used in pinhole camera?

Q50. What is the primary use of kaleidoscope?