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Political Science NCERT Solutions Class 10 Economics Chapter 5 – Consumer Rights
Class 10 Economics
Last Updated: 24 July 2026
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Important Points
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Tough Words (Glossary)
Consumer
Meaning: A person who buys goods or services for personal use
अर्थ: वह व्यक्ति जो वस्तुएँ या सेवाएँ उपयोग के लिए खरीदता है
"Consumers have rights that protect them."
Producer
Meaning: A person or company that makes goods or provides services
अर्थ: वह व्यक्ति या कंपनी जो वस्तुएँ बनाता या सेवाएँ देता है
"Producers must provide quality goods."
Market
Meaning: A place where buyers and sellers interact
अर्थ: जहाँ खरीदार और विक्रेता आपस में लेन-देन करते हैं
"The market has many new shops."
Exploitation
Meaning: Unfair treatment to take advantage of someone
अर्थ: किसी का अनुचित शोषण करना
"Workers protested against exploitation."
Adulteration
Meaning: Mixing inferior or harmful substances into food or products
अर्थ: खाद्य या उत्पाद में मिलावट करना
"Adulteration in milk is dangerous."
Misleading advertisement
Meaning: An ad that gives false or incomplete information
अर्थ: भ्रामक विज्ञापन जो झूठी/अधूरी जानकारी देता है
"The company was fined for misleading advertisement."
Consumer rights
Meaning: Legal rights given to consumers for protection
अर्थ: उपभोक्ताओं को सुरक्षा हेतु दिए गए कानूनी अधिकार
"Consumer rights include the right to safety."
Right to safety
Meaning: The right to be protected from hazardous goods/services
अर्थ: खतरनाक वस्तुओं/सेवाओं से बचाव का अधिकार
"Consumers have the right to safety."
Right to information
Meaning: The right to know details about goods/services
अर्थ: वस्तुओं/सेवाओं के बारे में जानकारी पाने का अधिकार
"Labels provide consumers the right to information."
Right to choose
Meaning: The right to select goods/services freely
अर्थ: स्वतंत्र रूप से वस्तुएँ/सेवाएँ चुनने का अधिकार
"Consumers must have the right to choose."
Right to be heard
Meaning: The right to voice complaints
अर्थ: शिकायत दर्ज कराने का अधिकार
"The right to be heard is ensured by consumer forums."
Right to seek redressal
Meaning: The right to get compensation for loss or damage
अर्थ: हानि या नुकसान की भरपाई पाने का अधिकार
"He exercised his right to seek redressal."
Compensation
Meaning: Money given for loss or damage
अर्थ: हानि या नुकसान की भरपाई हेतु दी गई राशि
"The court ordered compensation to the victim."
Negligence
Meaning: Failure to take proper care
अर्थ: लापरवाही
"The hospital was guilty of negligence."
Deficiency in service
Meaning: Failure to provide proper service
अर्थ: सही सेवा न देना
"He filed a complaint about deficiency in service."
Complaint
Meaning: A statement that something is wrong
अर्थ: शिकायत
"The consumer filed a complaint in the forum."
Consumer forum
Meaning: A body that helps resolve consumer disputes
अर्थ: उपभोक्ता विवाद सुलझाने वाला निकाय
"She went to the consumer forum for justice."
Consumer Protection Act (COPRA)
Meaning: Law to protect consumer rights in India
अर्थ: भारत में उपभोक्ता अधिकारों की रक्षा का क़ानून
"COPRA was enacted in 1986."
Redressal
Meaning: Remedy or solution for a problem
अर्थ: समाधान या निवारण
"Redressal commissions provide justice to consumers."
District Commission
Meaning: Local body handling consumer disputes up to ₹1 crore
अर्थ: 1 करोड़ तक के उपभोक्ता विवाद निपटाने वाला स्थानीय निकाय
"He filed his case in the District Commission."
State Commission
Meaning: Handles consumer disputes between ₹1 crore and ₹10 crore
अर्थ: 1 से 10 करोड़ तक के उपभोक्ता विवाद निपटाने वाला निकाय
"She appealed to the State Commission."
National Commission
Meaning: Handles disputes above ₹10 crore
अर्थ: 10 करोड़ से ऊपर के विवाद निपटाने वाला राष्ट्रीय निकाय
"The case went to the National Commission."
Appeal
Meaning: Apply to a higher authority for review
अर्थ: उच्च अधिकारी से पुनर्विचार की माँग
"He made an appeal in the State Commission."
Verdict
Meaning: Final decision by a court or authority
अर्थ: अदालत या प्राधिकरण का अंतिम निर्णय
"The verdict was in favour of the consumer."
Awareness
Meaning: Knowledge about rights or issues
अर्थ: अधिकारों या मुद्दों के बारे में जागरूकता
"Consumer awareness is growing."
Advocacy
Meaning: Support for a cause or policy
अर्थ: किसी मुद्दे या नीति का समर्थन
"Consumer advocacy groups fight for rights."
Litigation
Meaning: Legal action or process
अर्थ: कानूनी कार्रवाई
"The litigation took many years to finish."
Quality standards
Meaning: Set rules to ensure product/service quality
अर्थ: गुणवत्ता सुनिश्चित करने के लिए तय नियम
"ISI mark ensures quality standards."
ISI mark
Meaning: Indian certification mark for quality
अर्थ: भारतीय गुणवत्ता प्रमाणन चिह्न
"ISI mark is seen on electrical goods."
Agmark
Meaning: Certification for agricultural products
अर्थ: कृषि उत्पादों का प्रमाणन चिह्न
"Agmark is found on food products."
Hallmark
Meaning: Certification for gold purity
अर्थ: सोने की शुद्धता का प्रमाणन चिह्न
"Gold jewellery carries Hallmark certification."
Right to representation
Meaning: Right to present one’s case in commissions
अर्थ: अपना केस आयोगों में प्रस्तुत करने का अधिकार
"Consumers have the right to representation."
Mediation
Meaning: Settlement of disputes with a neutral person
अर्थ: तटस्थ व्यक्ति की मदद से विवाद सुलझाना
"Mediation helps resolve cases faster."
Unorganised sector
Meaning: Sector with informal jobs and low wages
अर्थ: अनौपचारिक नौकरियों और कम वेतन वाला क्षेत्र
"Many workers are in the unorganised sector."
Unfair trade practice
Meaning: Dishonest or illegal method in business
अर्थ: व्यापार में बेईमानी या अवैध तरीका
"Selling expired goods is an unfair trade practice."
Black marketing
Meaning: Illegal hoarding and selling of goods at high price
अर्थ: अवैध रूप से सामान छिपाकर ऊँचे दामों पर बेचना
"Black marketing of onions raised prices."
Hoarding
Meaning: Storing goods to create artificial shortage
अर्थ: सामान छिपाकर कृत्रिम कमी पैदा करना
"Hoarding of sugar increased prices."
Consumer movement
Meaning: Organised effort to protect consumer rights
अर्थ: उपभोक्ता अधिकारों की रक्षा के लिए संगठित प्रयास
"The consumer movement began in the 1960s."
Consumers International
Meaning: Global body of consumer organisations
अर्थ: उपभोक्ता संगठनों की अंतरराष्ट्रीय संस्था
"Consumers International has members worldwide."
United Nations Guidelines for Consumer Protection
Meaning: International framework for consumer rights
अर्थ: उपभोक्ता अधिकारों के लिए अंतरराष्ट्रीय ढाँचा
"The UN adopted guidelines in 1985."
National Consumers’ Day
Meaning: Day to spread awareness of consumer rights in India
अर्थ: भारत में उपभोक्ता अधिकार जागरूकता का दिन
"National Consumers’ Day is on 24 December."
Legal system
Meaning: Framework of laws and courts
अर्थ: कानून और अदालतों की व्यवस्था
"The legal system protects consumer rights."
Consumer awareness
Meaning: Knowledge about consumer rights and duties
अर्थ: उपभोक्ता अधिकारों और कर्तव्यों के बारे में ज्ञान
"Consumer awareness helps stop cheating."
Refund
Meaning: Return of money for returned goods/services
अर्थ: सामान/सेवा लौटाने पर पैसे की वापसी
"She demanded a refund for defective goods."
Compulsory certification
Meaning: Mandatory approval of quality for some products
अर्थ: कुछ उत्पादों के लिए गुणवत्ता की अनिवार्य स्वीकृति
"LPG cylinders need compulsory certification."
Frivolous appeal
Meaning: An unnecessary or baseless legal appeal
अर्थ: अनावश्यक या निराधार कानूनी अपील
"The institute was fined for a frivolous appeal."
Compulsory labelling
Meaning: Mandatory display of product details
अर्थ: उत्पाद विवरण का अनिवार्य प्रदर्शन
"Medicines require compulsory labelling."
MRP (Maximum Retail Price)
Meaning: The highest price a product can be sold at
अर्थ: किसी उत्पाद की अधिकतम खुदरा कीमत
"Shopkeepers cannot sell above MRP."