How can large companies manipulate the market?

Through false information via media

By providing excellent customer service

What false claim was made by a company selling powder milk for babies?

It is cheaper than mother’s milk

It is more scientific and better than mother’s milk

It is more natural than mother’s milk

What did cigarette-manufacturing companies have to accept after a long legal battle?

Their product is beneficial for health

Their product should be cheaper

What is the main reason for the need for consumer protection rules and regulations?

To ensure only high-quality goods are sold

To ensure consumers are well informed

To ensure consumer safety and prevent exploitation

What led to the rise of the consumer movement?

Consumer's carefulness in buying

Why are safety rules and regulations important for producers to follow?

To protect consumers from hazards

To comply with government rules

What is the purpose of the Consumer Protection Act 1986?

To provide free goods to consumers

What can consumers do if they find a product defective within the expiry period?

Complain and ask for replacement

What should a consumer do if they are denied the right to choice when buying a product?

File a complaint with the consumer forum

Where can consumers file a complaint if they face unfair trade practices?

District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission

State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission

National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission

What is the role of Residents’ Welfare Associations in consumer protection?

Represent consumers in legal cases

Provide financial support to consumers

File cases on behalf of consumers

Both represent consumers and provide financial support

What was the purpose of amending COPRA in 2019?

To reduce the claim amount limits

To include buying through the internet

What does COPRA stand for?

Consumer Protection and Regulation Act

Consumer Product Regulation Act

How can consumers become well-informed about their rights?

By becoming conscious of their rights

What is the role of mediators in the Consumer Disputes Redressal Commissions?

To make decisions on complaints

To assist in neutral settlement

To replace Consumer Disputes Redressal Commissions

NCERT Solutions Class 10 Economics Chapter 5 – Consumer Rights

Name: Consumer Rights – Class 10 Economics
Uploaded: 2026-05-31
Description: The consumer movement in India protects people from unfair trade practices and ensures their rights. Through laws like COPRA and consumer forums, individuals can seek compensation for defective goods or deficient services. Awareness, legal action, and active participation help consumers make informed choices and demand justice.

Class 10 Economics

Last Updated: 31 May 2026

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Chapter Introduction

The consumer movement in India protects people from unfair trade practices and ensures their rights. Through laws like COPRA and consumer forums, individuals can seek compensation for defective goods or deficient services. Awareness, legal action, and active participation help consumers make informed choices and demand justice.

हिंदी में (Hindi)

भारत में उपभोक्ता आंदोलन लोगों को अन्यायपूर्ण व्यापार प्रथाओं से बचाता है और उनके अधिकार सुनिश्चित करता है। COPRA और उपभोक्ता फोरम के माध्यम से लोग दोषपूर्ण उत्पाद या सेवा के लिए मुआवजा मांग सकते हैं। जागरूकता, कानूनी कार्रवाई और सक्रिय भागीदारी उपभोक्ताओं को सूचित विकल्प बनाने और न्याय प्राप्त करने में मदद करती है।

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Important Points

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Practice MCQ Questions (30 questions)

Q1. As producers of goods and services, people could be working in which sectors?

Q2. Consumers participate in the market by:

Q3. Why are rules and regulations needed in the market?

Q4. What is an example of exploitation by moneylenders in the informal sector?

Q5. What unfair trade practice might traders indulge in?

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Tough Words (Glossary)

Consumer

Meaning: A person who buys goods or services for personal use

अर्थ: वह व्यक्ति जो वस्तुएँ या सेवाएँ उपयोग के लिए खरीदता है

"Consumers have rights that protect them."

Producer

Meaning: A person or company that makes goods or provides services

अर्थ: वह व्यक्ति या कंपनी जो वस्तुएँ बनाता या सेवाएँ देता है

"Producers must provide quality goods."

Market

Meaning: A place where buyers and sellers interact

अर्थ: जहाँ खरीदार और विक्रेता आपस में लेन-देन करते हैं

"The market has many new shops."

Exploitation

Meaning: Unfair treatment to take advantage of someone

अर्थ: किसी का अनुचित शोषण करना

"Workers protested against exploitation."

Adulteration

Meaning: Mixing inferior or harmful substances into food or products

अर्थ: खाद्य या उत्पाद में मिलावट करना

"Adulteration in milk is dangerous."

Misleading advertisement

Meaning: An ad that gives false or incomplete information

अर्थ: भ्रामक विज्ञापन जो झूठी/अधूरी जानकारी देता है

"The company was fined for misleading advertisement."

Consumer rights

Meaning: Legal rights given to consumers for protection

अर्थ: उपभोक्ताओं को सुरक्षा हेतु दिए गए कानूनी अधिकार

"Consumer rights include the right to safety."

Right to safety

Meaning: The right to be protected from hazardous goods/services

अर्थ: खतरनाक वस्तुओं/सेवाओं से बचाव का अधिकार

"Consumers have the right to safety."

Right to information

Meaning: The right to know details about goods/services

अर्थ: वस्तुओं/सेवाओं के बारे में जानकारी पाने का अधिकार

"Labels provide consumers the right to information."

Right to choose

Meaning: The right to select goods/services freely

अर्थ: स्वतंत्र रूप से वस्तुएँ/सेवाएँ चुनने का अधिकार

"Consumers must have the right to choose."

Right to be heard

Meaning: The right to voice complaints

अर्थ: शिकायत दर्ज कराने का अधिकार

"The right to be heard is ensured by consumer forums."

Right to seek redressal

Meaning: The right to get compensation for loss or damage

अर्थ: हानि या नुकसान की भरपाई पाने का अधिकार

"He exercised his right to seek redressal."

Compensation

Meaning: Money given for loss or damage

अर्थ: हानि या नुकसान की भरपाई हेतु दी गई राशि

"The court ordered compensation to the victim."

Negligence

Meaning: Failure to take proper care

अर्थ: लापरवाही

"The hospital was guilty of negligence."

Deficiency in service

Meaning: Failure to provide proper service

अर्थ: सही सेवा न देना

"He filed a complaint about deficiency in service."

Complaint

Meaning: A statement that something is wrong

अर्थ: शिकायत

"The consumer filed a complaint in the forum."

Consumer forum

Meaning: A body that helps resolve consumer disputes

अर्थ: उपभोक्ता विवाद सुलझाने वाला निकाय

"She went to the consumer forum for justice."

Consumer Protection Act (COPRA)

Meaning: Law to protect consumer rights in India

अर्थ: भारत में उपभोक्ता अधिकारों की रक्षा का क़ानून

"COPRA was enacted in 1986."

Redressal

Meaning: Remedy or solution for a problem

अर्थ: समाधान या निवारण

"Redressal commissions provide justice to consumers."

District Commission

Meaning: Local body handling consumer disputes up to ₹1 crore

अर्थ: 1 करोड़ तक के उपभोक्ता विवाद निपटाने वाला स्थानीय निकाय

"He filed his case in the District Commission."

State Commission

Meaning: Handles consumer disputes between ₹1 crore and ₹10 crore

अर्थ: 1 से 10 करोड़ तक के उपभोक्ता विवाद निपटाने वाला निकाय

"She appealed to the State Commission."

National Commission

Meaning: Handles disputes above ₹10 crore

अर्थ: 10 करोड़ से ऊपर के विवाद निपटाने वाला राष्ट्रीय निकाय

"The case went to the National Commission."

Appeal

Meaning: Apply to a higher authority for review

अर्थ: उच्च अधिकारी से पुनर्विचार की माँग

"He made an appeal in the State Commission."

Verdict

Meaning: Final decision by a court or authority

अर्थ: अदालत या प्राधिकरण का अंतिम निर्णय

"The verdict was in favour of the consumer."

Awareness

Meaning: Knowledge about rights or issues

अर्थ: अधिकारों या मुद्दों के बारे में जागरूकता

"Consumer awareness is growing."

Advocacy

Meaning: Support for a cause or policy

अर्थ: किसी मुद्दे या नीति का समर्थन

"Consumer advocacy groups fight for rights."

Litigation

Meaning: Legal action or process

अर्थ: कानूनी कार्रवाई

"The litigation took many years to finish."

Quality standards

Meaning: Set rules to ensure product/service quality

अर्थ: गुणवत्ता सुनिश्चित करने के लिए तय नियम

"ISI mark ensures quality standards."

ISI mark

Meaning: Indian certification mark for quality

अर्थ: भारतीय गुणवत्ता प्रमाणन चिह्न

"ISI mark is seen on electrical goods."

Agmark

Meaning: Certification for agricultural products

अर्थ: कृषि उत्पादों का प्रमाणन चिह्न

"Agmark is found on food products."

Hallmark

Meaning: Certification for gold purity

अर्थ: सोने की शुद्धता का प्रमाणन चिह्न

"Gold jewellery carries Hallmark certification."

Right to representation

Meaning: Right to present one’s case in commissions

अर्थ: अपना केस आयोगों में प्रस्तुत करने का अधिकार

"Consumers have the right to representation."

Mediation

Meaning: Settlement of disputes with a neutral person

अर्थ: तटस्थ व्यक्ति की मदद से विवाद सुलझाना

"Mediation helps resolve cases faster."

Unorganised sector

Meaning: Sector with informal jobs and low wages

अर्थ: अनौपचारिक नौकरियों और कम वेतन वाला क्षेत्र

"Many workers are in the unorganised sector."

Unfair trade practice

Meaning: Dishonest or illegal method in business

अर्थ: व्यापार में बेईमानी या अवैध तरीका

"Selling expired goods is an unfair trade practice."

Black marketing

Meaning: Illegal hoarding and selling of goods at high price

अर्थ: अवैध रूप से सामान छिपाकर ऊँचे दामों पर बेचना

"Black marketing of onions raised prices."

Hoarding

Meaning: Storing goods to create artificial shortage

अर्थ: सामान छिपाकर कृत्रिम कमी पैदा करना

"Hoarding of sugar increased prices."

Consumer movement

Meaning: Organised effort to protect consumer rights

अर्थ: उपभोक्ता अधिकारों की रक्षा के लिए संगठित प्रयास

"The consumer movement began in the 1960s."

Consumers International

Meaning: Global body of consumer organisations

अर्थ: उपभोक्ता संगठनों की अंतरराष्ट्रीय संस्था

"Consumers International has members worldwide."

United Nations Guidelines for Consumer Protection

Meaning: International framework for consumer rights

अर्थ: उपभोक्ता अधिकारों के लिए अंतरराष्ट्रीय ढाँचा

"The UN adopted guidelines in 1985."

National Consumers’ Day

Meaning: Day to spread awareness of consumer rights in India

अर्थ: भारत में उपभोक्ता अधिकार जागरूकता का दिन

"National Consumers’ Day is on 24 December."

Legal system

Meaning: Framework of laws and courts

अर्थ: कानून और अदालतों की व्यवस्था

"The legal system protects consumer rights."

Consumer awareness

Meaning: Knowledge about consumer rights and duties

अर्थ: उपभोक्ता अधिकारों और कर्तव्यों के बारे में ज्ञान

"Consumer awareness helps stop cheating."

Refund

Meaning: Return of money for returned goods/services

अर्थ: सामान/सेवा लौटाने पर पैसे की वापसी

"She demanded a refund for defective goods."

Compulsory certification

Meaning: Mandatory approval of quality for some products

अर्थ: कुछ उत्पादों के लिए गुणवत्ता की अनिवार्य स्वीकृति

"LPG cylinders need compulsory certification."

Frivolous appeal

Meaning: An unnecessary or baseless legal appeal

अर्थ: अनावश्यक या निराधार कानूनी अपील

"The institute was fined for a frivolous appeal."

Compulsory labelling

Meaning: Mandatory display of product details

अर्थ: उत्पाद विवरण का अनिवार्य प्रदर्शन

"Medicines require compulsory labelling."

MRP (Maximum Retail Price)

Meaning: The highest price a product can be sold at

अर्थ: किसी उत्पाद की अधिकतम खुदरा कीमत

"Shopkeepers cannot sell above MRP."

NCERT Solutions Class 10 Economics Chapter 5 – Consumer Rights

Chapter Introduction

Watch Video Lecture

Video Coming Soon..

Important Points

Practice MCQ Questions (30 questions)

Q1. As producers of goods and services, people could be working in which sectors?

Q2. Consumers participate in the market by:

Q3. Why are rules and regulations needed in the market?

Q4. What is an example of exploitation by moneylenders in the informal sector?

Q5. What unfair trade practice might traders indulge in?

Q6. What happens when producers are few and powerful in the market?

Q7. How can large companies manipulate the market?

Q8. What false claim was made by a company selling powder milk for babies?

Q9. What did cigarette-manufacturing companies have to accept after a long legal battle?

Q10. What is the main reason for the need for consumer protection rules and regulations?

Q11. What led to the rise of the consumer movement?

Q12. In which decade did the consumer movement in an organized form start in India?

Q13. What major step did the Indian government take in 1986 for consumer protection?

Q14. What information is not usually found on the packaging of a commodity?

Q15. Why are safety rules and regulations important for producers to follow?

Q16. What is the purpose of the Consumer Protection Act 1986?

Q17. What does 'MRP' stand for?

Q18. What right do consumers have regarding the information about goods and services they purchase?

Q19. What was enacted by the Government of India in October 2005 to ensure citizens get information about government functions?

Q20. What can consumers do if they find a product defective within the expiry period?

Q21. What should a consumer do if they are denied the right to choice when buying a product?

Q22. Where can consumers file a complaint if they face unfair trade practices?

Q23. What is the role of Residents’ Welfare Associations in consumer protection?

Q24. What is the maximum claim amount that the District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission can handle?

Q25. What is the significance of 24 December in India regarding consumer rights?

Q26. What was the purpose of amending COPRA in 2019?

Q27. What does COPRA stand for?

Q28. How can consumers become well-informed about their rights?

Q29. What can be a challenge in gathering evidence for consumer complaints?

Q30. What is the role of mediators in the Consumer Disputes Redressal Commissions?