NCERT Solutions Class 9 Geography Chapter 2 – Physical Features of India

Name: Physical Features of India – Class 9 Geography
Uploaded: 2026-04-15
Description: India’s physical landscape is highly diverse — it includes the Himalayas, fertile northern plains, plateaus, deserts, coasts, and islands. Each region contributes uniquely to the nation’s natural wealth and overall development.

Class 9 Geography

Last Updated: 15 April 2026

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Chapter Introduction

India’s physical landscape is highly diverse — it includes the Himalayas, fertile northern plains, plateaus, deserts, coasts, and islands. Each region contributes uniquely to the nation’s natural wealth and overall development.

हिंदी में (Hindi)

भारत की भौतिक बनावट अत्यंत विविध है — यहाँ हिमालय पर्वत, उपजाऊ उत्तरी मैदान, पठार, मरुस्थल, तटीय क्षेत्र और द्वीप सभी मिलते हैं। प्रत्येक भौगोलिक भाग देश की प्राकृतिक संपदा और विकास में अपना महत्वपूर्ण योगदान देता है।

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Important Points

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Practice MCQ Questions (29 questions)

Q1. Which is the most continuous range of the Himalayas?

Q2. Which part of the Himalayas is known as the Purvachal?

Q3. What is the average height of the Great Himalayas?

Q4. The Peninsular Plateau is composed of which types of rocks?

Q5. What is the altitude range of the Himachal range?

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

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Tough Words (Glossary)

Terrain

Meaning: A stretch of land with particular physical features

अर्थ: भू-भाग

"The terrain of Rajasthan is mostly desert."

Rugged

Meaning: Rough and uneven

अर्थ: ऊबड़-खाबड़

"We walked through rugged mountains."

Plateau

Meaning: A flat elevated landform

अर्थ: पठार

"The Deccan Plateau is rich in minerals."

Topography

Meaning: Surface features of land

अर्थ: स्थलाकृति

"The topography of Himalayas includes valleys and peaks."

Alluvial

Meaning: Soil deposited by rivers

अर्थ: नदी की मिट्टी

"The northern plains are made of alluvial soil."

Igneous

Meaning: Formed from cooled lava

अर्थ: आग्नेय

"Basalt is an igneous rock."

Metamorphic

Meaning: Rock formed under heat and pressure

अर्थ: रूपांतरित शैल

"Marble is a metamorphic rock."

Glacier

Meaning: Large mass of ice moving slowly

अर्थ: हिमनद

"The glacier melts and feeds the river."

Sedimentary

Meaning: Rock formed from sediments

अर्थ: अवसादी शैल

"Sandstone is a sedimentary rock."

Tributary

Meaning: River that flows into a larger river

अर्थ: सहायक नदी

"The Yamuna is a tributary of the Ganga."

Distributary

Meaning: Branch of river flowing away

अर्थ: शाखा नदी

"The Hooghly is a distributary of the Ganga."

Delta

Meaning: Landform formed by river deposits at mouth

अर्थ: डेल्टा

"The Ganga forms a delta at the Bay of Bengal."

Doab

Meaning: Land between two rivers

अर्थ: दो नदियों के बीच की भूमि

"Punjab is famous for its doabs."

Bhabar

Meaning: Narrow belt with river pebbles

अर्थ: कंकड़ वाला क्षेत्र

"The rivers disappear in the bhabar belt."

Terai

Meaning: Swampy region near foothills

अर्थ: दलदली क्षेत्र

"The terai region is rich in wildlife."

Floodplain

Meaning: Flat area near rivers prone to flooding

अर्थ: बाढ़ क्षेत्र

"Floodplains are fertile for farming."

Kankar

Meaning: Calcium deposits in soil

अर्थ: कंकरीला निक्षेप

"Soil in this region has kankar deposits."

Valley

Meaning: Low area between hills

अर्थ: घाटी

"Kashmir is a beautiful valley."

Peninsula

Meaning: Land surrounded by water on three sides

अर्थ: प्रायद्वीप

"India is a peninsula in South Asia."

Ghats

Meaning: Mountain ranges along coasts

अर्थ: पर्वतीय घाट

"Western Ghats are known for biodiversity."

Orographic

Meaning: Rainfall caused by mountains

अर्थ: पर्वतीय वर्षा

"The Western Ghats receive orographic rainfall."

Arid

Meaning: Extremely dry climate

अर्थ: शुष्क

"The Thar desert has arid climate."

Dune

Meaning: Hill of sand formed by wind

अर्थ: रेत का टीला

"Sand dunes are common in deserts."

Barchan

Meaning: Crescent-shaped sand dune

अर्थ: अर्धचंद्राकार टीला

"Barchans are crescent-shaped dunes."

Archipelago

Meaning: Chain of islands

अर्थ: द्वीप समूह

"The Andaman Islands are an archipelago."

Coral

Meaning: Formed by marine organisms

अर्थ: प्रवाल

"Coral reefs grow near Lakshadweep."

Sanctuary

Meaning: Protected area for animals

अर्थ: अभयारण्य

"Ranthambore is a famous sanctuary."

Equatorial

Meaning: Near the equator, hot and humid

अर्थ: भूमध्यरेखीय

"Amazon basin has equatorial climate."

Granary

Meaning: Large fertile farming area

अर्थ: अनाज का भंडार

"The northern plains are India’s granary."

Industrialisation

Meaning: Development of industries

अर्थ: औद्योगीकरण

"Industrialisation led to urban growth."

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Ch 1: India – Size and Location

Ch 3: Drainage

NCERT Solutions Class 9 Geography Chapter 2 – Physical Features of India

Chapter Introduction

Watch Video Lecture

Important Points

Practice MCQ Questions (29 questions)

Q1. Which is the most continuous range of the Himalayas?

Q2. Which part of the Himalayas is known as the Purvachal?

Q3. What is the average height of the Great Himalayas?

Q4. The Peninsular Plateau is composed of which types of rocks?

Q5. What is the altitude range of the Himachal range?

Q6. Which river is associated with the Western part of the Northern Plain?

Q7. What is the highest peak in the Eastern Ghats?

Q8. The Indian desert is located towards the western margins of which hills?

Q9. Which plain is located between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea?

Q10. The Northern Plains are formed by which type of soil?

Q11. Which is the only large river in the Indian desert?

Q12. Which island group is located in the Bay of Bengal?

Q13. Which region is known as the granaries of India?

Q14. Which type of dunes are most common near the Indo-Pakistan boundary?

Q15. The Deccan Plateau slopes in which direction?

Q16. Which river is associated with the formation of Chotanagpur plateau?

Q17. What is the local name for the Eastern Ghats?

Q18. Which mountain range forms the northern boundary of the Deccan Plateau?

Q19. Which hills are located southeast of the Eastern Ghats?

Q20. Which region is drained by the Damodar river?

Q21. Which river system forms the Brahmaputra plain?

Q22. Which valley is famous in the Himachal range?

Q23. What type of landform is the Indian Desert?

Q24. Which hill range is located in the northeast of India?

Q25. Which river forms a delta on the eastern coast of India?

Q26. What type of rocks make up the outer-most range of the Himalayas?

Q27. What is the highest peak in the Western Ghats?

Q28. Which river separates the Deccan Plateau from the Central Highlands?

Q29. Which region is known for its hill stations in the Himalayas?