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Political Science NCERT Solutions Class 6 Social Science Chapter 4 – Timeline and Sources of History
Class 6 Social Science
Last Updated: 15 April 2026
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हिंदी में (Hindi)
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Important Points
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Practice MCQ Questions (54 questions)
Q1. What is history described as in the text?
✓ Correct Answer: D
Q2. Who studies the physical features of the Earth?
✓ Correct Answer: B
Q3. What do palaeontologists study?
✓ Correct Answer: A
Q4. Who studies human societies and cultures?
✓ Correct Answer: C
Q5. What do archaeologists study?
✓ Correct Answer: D
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
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Tough Words (Glossary)
Dialogue
Meaning: A conversation or discussion between two or more people
अर्थ: संवाद
"The teacher encouraged a dialogue between students."
Unending
Meaning: Something that never stops or finishes
अर्थ: अंतहीन
"The desert seemed like an unending stretch of sand."
Conventional
Meaning: Based on traditional or commonly accepted ways
अर्थ: परंपरागत
"They used a conventional method to solve the problem."
Era
Meaning: A long and distinct period of history
अर्थ: युग
"The freedom struggle marked a new era in India’s history."
Gregorian Calendar
Meaning: The calendar system most widely used today
अर्थ: ग्रेगोरियन कैलेंडर
"The Gregorian calendar is used worldwide."
Abbreviation
Meaning: A shortened form of a word or phrase
अर्थ: संक्षिप्त रूप
"USA is an abbreviation of United States of America."
Common Era (CE)
Meaning: A calendar era starting with year 1, used worldwide
अर्थ: सामान्य युग (CE)
"We are living in the 21st century CE."
Before Common Era (BCE)
Meaning: The years before the start of the Common Era
अर्थ: सामान्य युग से पूर्व (BCE)
"The Mauryan Empire existed in the 3rd century BCE."
Timeline
Meaning: A graphical representation of events in chronological order
अर्थ: समयरेखा
"The teacher showed a timeline of Indian kings."
Millennium
Meaning: A period of 1000 years
अर्थ: सहस्राब्दी
"We entered the third millennium in 2001 CE."
Century
Meaning: A period of 100 years
अर्थ: शताब्दी
"Mahatma Gandhi lived in the 20th century."
Astronomical
Meaning: Related to stars, planets, or outer space
अर्थ: खगोलीय
"They studied astronomical data to understand eclipses."
Prediction
Meaning: A statement about what will happen in the future
अर्थ: भविष्यवाणी
"The scientist made a prediction about the weather."
Pañchānga
Meaning: A traditional Indian calendar with astronomical details
अर्थ: पंचांग
"The festival date was checked in the pañchānga."
Jigsaw Puzzle
Meaning: A puzzle of pieces that fit together to form a picture
अर्थ: जिग्सॉ पहेली
"History is like a jigsaw puzzle with missing pieces."
Archaeologist
Meaning: A person who studies ancient remains and artefacts
अर्थ: पुरातत्ववेत्ता
"The archaeologist discovered old tools."
Epigraphist
Meaning: A person who studies ancient inscriptions
अर्थ: लेखविशेषज्ञ
"The epigraphist studied the temple carvings."
Anthropologist
Meaning: A person who studies human societies and cultures
अर्थ: मानवशास्त्री
"The anthropologist researched tribal customs."
Genetics
Meaning: The study of heredity and variation in living things
अर्थ: आनुवंशिकी
"Genetics helps us understand family traits."
Monument
Meaning: A structure built to remember people or events
अर्थ: स्मारक
"The Taj Mahal is a famous monument."
Contradictory
Meaning: Opposite or inconsistent statements
अर्थ: विरोधाभासी
"The two reports gave contradictory information."
Reconstruct
Meaning: To build again or put together
अर्थ: पुनर्निर्माण करना
"Historians reconstruct the past using sources."
Civilisation
Meaning: A developed society with culture and government
अर्थ: सभ्यता
"The Indus Valley was an ancient civilisation."
Hunter-gatherer
Meaning: Early humans who hunted animals and gathered plants
अर्थ: शिकारी-संग्राहक
"Early humans lived as hunter-gatherers."
Temporary
Meaning: Not lasting, short-term
अर्थ: अस्थायी
"They lived in temporary shelters."
Ancestor
Meaning: A person from whom one is descended
अर्थ: पूर्वज
"Our ancestors lived in caves."
Afterlife
Meaning: Life after death (belief)
अर्थ: परलोक
"Ancient people believed in the afterlife."
Ornaments
Meaning: Decorative items worn for beauty
अर्थ: आभूषण
"She wore gold ornaments at the wedding."
Domesticate
Meaning: To tame animals or plants for human use
अर्थ: पालतू बनाना
"Humans domesticated dogs thousands of years ago."
Chieftain
Meaning: The leader of a tribe or clan
अर्थ: सरदार
"The chieftain guided his people wisely."
Hamlet
Meaning: A small village
अर्थ: छोटा गाँव
"The hamlet was located near the river."
Exchange
Meaning: Giving one thing and receiving another
अर्थ: विनिमय
"Villagers exchanged grains for clothes."
Pottery
Meaning: Objects made from clay and baked hard
अर्थ: मिट्टी के बर्तन
"Ancient pottery was found in the excavation."
Excavation
Meaning: The process of digging to find remains
अर्थ: खुदाई
"Excavation revealed old tools."
Persistence
Meaning: Continuing effort despite difficulty
अर्थ: दृढ़ता
"Her persistence helped her succeed."
Interpret
Meaning: To explain the meaning of something
अर्थ: व्याख्या करना
"The teacher helped interpret the poem."
Calendar
Meaning: A chart showing days, months, and years
अर्थ: पंचांग/कैलेंडर
"We mark birthdays on a calendar."
Festival
Meaning: A day of celebration
अर्थ: त्योहार
"Diwali is a major Indian festival."
Belief
Meaning: Faith or trust in something
अर्थ: विश्वास
"People have a belief in God."
Evidence
Meaning: Facts or information to support something
अर्थ: साक्ष्य
"The lawyer presented new evidence."
Tool
Meaning: An instrument used to do work
अर्थ: औज़ार
"Farmers use tools to grow crops."
Artifact
Meaning: An object made by humans in the past
अर्थ: पुरावशेष
"The museum displayed ancient artifacts."
Inscription
Meaning: Words carved or written on a surface
अर्थ: शिलालेख
"The pillar had an old inscription."
Source
Meaning: A place or thing from which information comes
अर्थ: स्रोत
"Books are a source of knowledge."
Climate
Meaning: The weather conditions of a place over time
अर्थ: जलवायु
"The desert has a hot and dry climate."
Communication
Meaning: The act of sharing information
अर्थ: संचार
"Phones make communication easy."
Migration
Meaning: Movement of people from one place to another
अर्थ: प्रवास
"There was a migration of villagers to the city."
Survival
Meaning: The state of continuing to live
अर्थ: जीवित रहना
"Water is essential for survival."
Courage
Meaning: The ability to face fear or danger
अर्थ: साहस
"The soldier showed great courage."
Society
Meaning: A community of people living together
अर्थ: समाज
"We must work for a better society."
Tradition
Meaning: Customs or practices passed down generations
अर्थ: परंपरा
"Lighting lamps is an Indian tradition."
Knowledge
Meaning: Information, understanding, and skills
अर्थ: ज्ञान
"Books are a source of knowledge."
Past
Meaning: The time before the present
अर्थ: अतीत
"We learn from the mistakes of the past."
Present
Meaning: The current time
अर्थ: वर्तमान
"We should focus on the present."
Future
Meaning: The time yet to come
अर्थ: भविष्य
"Students prepare for a better future."
Literature
Meaning: Written works like poems, stories, and essays
अर्थ: साहित्य
"Kalidasa contributed greatly to Sanskrit literature."
Research
Meaning: Careful study to find new facts
अर्थ: अनुसंधान
"The scientist did research on climate change."